Elbow and Wrist anatomy Flashcards
how many degrees of freedom does the elbow have?
one
where do the flexor muscles originate?
medial epicondyle of the humerus
where do the extensor muscles originate?
lateral epicondyle of the humerus
which ligament anchors radius to the ulna?
anular ligament
what type of joint is the radioulnar jt?
pivot (pronation, supination)
when is there no contact between humerus and radius?
extension
what reinforces the elbow capsule?
ligaments and tendons of muscles
it is otherwise weak
what is normal carrying angle of the arm?
cubitus valgus (15 degrees)
what are the parts of the medial (ulnar) collateral ligament?
anterior (most resistant to valgus force)
oblique
posterior
what is the shape of the lateral (radial) collateral ligament?
fan shaped
which elbow ligament is stronger?
ulnar collateral
who are major elbow flexors?
biceps brachii
brachialis
bracioradialis
who are the major elbow extensors?
triceps
anconeus
where does the short head of the biceps originate?
coracoid process
how many joints does the biceps affect?
2 (shoulder, elbow)
2 joint muscles tend to cause more clinical problems
what is the function of the coracobrachialis?
primarily a shoulder flexor
where does the brachialis insert?
coronoid process of the ulna
which is the thickest of the flexor muscles?
brachialis
where is the O/I of the brachioradialis?
O: lateral supracondylar ridge
I: radial styloid process
when is the brachioradialis NOT active?
eccentric contraction
when is brachioradialis MOST active?
load and forearm is pronated (biceps is best during supination)
where does the long head of the triceps originate?
infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
where do the medial and lateral heads of triceps originate?
humerus
where do all 3 heads of the triceps insert?
olecranon
