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Medicine > Coagulation Disorders > Flashcards

Coagulation Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

what is the life span of a platelet?

A

8-10 days

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2
Q

how does levonox work?

A

anti 10a clotting factor medicine

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3
Q

what is the most common inherited clotting disorder?

A

disorder with clotting factor V (factor V leiden)

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4
Q

which pathway is tested with the PT study?

A

extrinsic

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5
Q

which pathway is tested with the PTT study?

A

intrinsic

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6
Q

what abnormalities present with problems with clotting cascade?

A 
epistaxis
gum bleeding
hematochexia
melena
petechiae or easy bruising
hemarthrosis**(sometimes the first sign)
menorrhagia
intramuscular hemorrhage
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7
Q

what sign points to hemophilia?

A

spontaneous hemathrosis

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8
Q

what is the pneumonic for DDx of bleeding disorders?

A

CALF DIPS

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9
Q

what drug affects the PT time?

A

coumadin

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10
Q

what drug affects the PTT time?

A

heparin

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11
Q

what is the most common inherited disorder of hemostasis?

A

von willebrand’s dz

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12
Q

what is the carrier protein for factor VIII?

A

von willebrand’s factor

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13
Q

what is the process of primary hemostasis?

A

platelet plug

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14
Q

what is the process of secondary hemostasis?

A

coagulation cascade

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15
Q

how do you use desmopressin in vWD?

A

give it immediately prior to sx procedure

releases endogenous stored factor VIII from tissues into circulation

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16
Q

what is humate used for?

A

factor VIII replacement that a pt would need post trauma

17
Q

why would you use IVIG in acquired vWD?

A

may quite down the immune response that is causing the problem with vWD

18
Q

how do vWD factors changed during pregnancy for someone with the dz?

A

rises in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters and falls quickly postpartum

19
Q

what hemophilia has factor VIII deficiency?

A

A

20
Q

what hemophilia has factor IX deficiency?

A

B (christmas dz)

21
Q

what type of genetics is hemophilia?

A

x-linked

22
Q

when are many hemophilia pts diagnosed?

A

w/in first 2 years

23
Q

what is a bad complication of hemophilia?

A

ICH- can cause seizure and long term side effects

24
Q

what joints are most affected in hemophilic joints?

A

weight bearing joints (hips, knees, ankles)

25
Q

what is common in hemophilia?

A 
massive delayed bleeding and hemorrhage
joint destruction (deposition of iron in joint, pain and decreased ROM)
26
Q

what is considered severe hemophilia dz?

A

spontaneous bleeding

27
Q

what is considered moderate hemophilia dz?

A

bleeding with mild injury

28
Q

what is considered mild hemophilia dz?

A

bleeding with surgery or trauma

29
Q

which type of hemophilia is more common?

A

hemophilia A

30
Q

what is hemophilia C?

A

autosomal recessive
factor XI reduced
mild bleeding disorder manifested mostly by post operative bleeding

31
Q

what is FFP?

A

fresh frozen plasma

what you give to hemophilia C pts b/c recombinant factor XI is not available

32
Q

what is the diagnostic feature of anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome?

A

abnormal antibodies documented 6 months apart with one pregnancy loss

33
Q

how does a blood clot present?

A 
leg or neck edema
calf or lower leg pain
acute chest pain
SOB
incidental findings
34
Q

what is a VQ scan?

A

scan that can be used for ppl who can not get a contrast CTA for possible PE

35
Q

what is acute txment of DVT pt?

A
  1. hospitalize and immobilize leg
  2. heparin (lovenox)
  3. transition to Coumadin a few days later
36
Q

how do you treat elevated homocysteine levels?

A

B6, B12 and folate

37
Q

how do you calculate risk of DVT?

A 
D D-dimer
A age (>50)
S sex (male)
H hormones (estrogen therapy)
38
Q

what is a normal PT time?

A

11-16 seconds

39
Q

what is a normal aPTT time?

A

25-38 seconds

Medicine (146 decks)

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