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Psychology A-level > RESEARCH METHODS : ETHICS > Flashcards

RESEARCH METHODS : ETHICS Flashcards

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1
Q

When do conflicts exist in psych

A

conflict/dilemma exosts between pt rights and researchers need to gain valuable and meaningful findings

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2
Q

conflict has implications for

A

safety and wel being of pt

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3
Q

pt may not want to reval true purpiose of research to partipants so they can

A

study more natural behaviour

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4
Q

is uasing psychological distress evr

A

jutified

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5
Q

what are the 4 major ethical issues that face pt and researchers in psychology

A

INFORMED CONSENT

DECEPTION

PROTECTION FROM HARM

PRIVCY AND CONFIDENTIALITY

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6
Q

INFORMED CONSENT - at bare min prospective pt shuld know

A

what they getting into before they gt into it

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7
Q

INFORMED CONSENT - what 4 things does it inovle

making pt …

A

making pt aware of

aims of research

procedures

their rights (+ right to withdraw partway thorugh investigation if they wish )

what data will b used for

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8
Q

INFORMED CONSENT - after being made aware pt should make an x

without

A

informed judgeemnt of whether to take part or not

without being coerced or feeling obliged

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9
Q

INFORMED CONSENT - fromr esearcehr POV asking for informed consent may make study meaningless and why

A

pt behaviour wont be natural as they know aims of study

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10
Q

DECEPTION -

A

Deliberatley misleading or witholding info from pt at any stage of investigation

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11
Q

DECEPTION - linked to

A

informed cosnent

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12
Q

DECEPTION - why is it linked to informed consent

A

pt who havent recieved adequte info when they agreed to take part (or worse have been deliberatley lied to)

cant be said to have given informed consent

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13
Q

DECEPTION - there are ocasions when it can be justified t/f

A

t

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14
Q

DECEPTION - give example of when deception can be justified

A

dont cause undue distress

in energy drink study acceptable not to tell pt theres anotehr group drinking a diff substance as ,ay affect their behaviour

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15
Q

PROTECTION FROM HARM - sum this up

As a result of their involvement….

A

as a result of their invovlemetn pt shuldnt be placeed at any more risk than they would be in theri dialy lives

and

should be protected from physial and psychological harm

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16
Q

PROTECTION FROM HARM - what does from psychological harm include

A

made to feel embarrased

inadequate

being put under undue stress or pressure

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17
Q

PROTECTION FROM HARM - an imp feature of this is

A

pt being reminded of fact they got right to withdraw from investigation at any point

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18
Q

PRIVACY AND CONFIDENTIALITY - Theyre not the same

A

thing

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19
Q

PRIVACY AND CONFIDENTIALITY - what is privacy

A

pt have right to control info about themselves

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20
Q

PRIVACY AND CONFIDENTIALITY - if privacy iis invaded then what shuld be protected

A

confidentiality

21
Q

PRIVACY AND CONFIDENTIALITY - what is confidentiality

A

our right ot have any personal data protected

22
Q

PRIVACY AND CONFIDENTIALITY - the right to privacy extends to

A

area where study took place

e,g institutions or geo locations not being named

23
Q

when evaluatin ethics what can we be thinking

A

can ethial csots be justified in terms of beenfits

24
Q

just cause study judegd unethical by todyas standards dont mean

A

findings are meaningless

25
Q

ethical isdues dont challenge

A

findings of a study

26
Q

what does BPS stand for

A

british psychological society

27
Q

BPS code of ethics includes

A

set of ethicval guidelines

28
Q

researcehrs have professional duty to observe

A

guidelines when conducting research

29
Q

researcehrs wont be sent to prisdon if dont abide by code of ethics but may

A

loose their job

30
Q

guidelines of BPS attempt to ensure

A

all pt are treated with respect and cosnideration during each phase of research

31
Q

guidelines are implemetned by ethics comitetes in research institutions who use a what approach

A

COST EBENFIT APPROACH

32
Q

Cost beenfit approaches are used to deterien

A

wether particualr research proposal aare ethically acceptable

33
Q

how can we deal with informed consent hint signign

A

pt shoudl bhe issued with cnosent leter detailing all relelavnt info that may affect theri descision to particpate

if pt agress should sign it

34
Q

for investigation involving under 16s how do we get consent

A

singature of parentla consent is required

35
Q

give me two otehr ways to get consent

A

presumptive consen t
retrospective consent

36
Q

what is presumptive consent

A

rahter than getting consent from pt themselves , similar group of people are asked if study is acceptable

if group agrees consent of og pt is presumed

37
Q

what is retrospective consen t

A

pt asked for consent during debriefing having already taken part in the study

38
Q

when would you use retrosepctive consent

A

pt may not have been aware of theri partivpation
may have been subject to deception

39
Q

how can we deal with deception and protection from harm

A

pt given full debrief

40
Q

what is debrieg

A

pt amde aware of true aims of invesitation and any detailed they werent supplied with during study e.g existence of toehr groups/experiemtnal conditions

41
Q

another way of dealing with deception and protection from harm

+ when is this particularly important

A

told what data will be used for and and must be given right to withdraw during study and right to withold data if they wish

retrospective consent is a feature of the study

42
Q

in terms of dealing with protectio from harm pt may have natural concerns realted to performance within investigation what shoudl we do

A

reassure them behaviour was typical or normal

43
Q

in terms od dealing with protection from harm in extrem cases if pt have been subject to stress/embarrasment they may …

A

need counsellling which researcehr shuld provide

44
Q

DEALING WITH CONFIDENTIALITY - if personal details are held thees must eb

A

protected

45
Q

DEALING WITH CONFIDENTIALITY - if personal details are held they must be protcted but its more usual to

A

simply record no personal details i.e maintain anonymity

46
Q

DEALING WITH CONFIDENTIALITY - researcerhs usually refer to pt using

A

numbers or initials

47
Q

DEALING WITH CONFIDENTIALITY - in case studys psychologists oten use

A

intials when dsecribing individuals invlved

48
Q

DEALING WITH CONFIDENTIALITY - is standard practice during debriefing and debriefing pt reminded

A

data will be protected throughout process and told data wont eb shared with other reseaarcehrs

Psychology A-level (87 decks)

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