Psychopathology - cognitive approach to treating depression

Question 1

WHAT IS CBT

Answer 1

Most commonly used psychological treatment for deression and range of other mental health issues

Question 2

cbt is an example of a cog approach to treatment but also has

Answer 2

behavioural elements

Question 3

COGNITIVE ELEMENT - what doesCBT bgin with

Answer 3

Assesment

Question 4

COGNITIVE ELEMENT - in the assessment what happens

Answer 4

client and cognitive behaviour therapist work together to clarify clients problems

Question 5

COGNITIVE ELEMENT - client and therapist jointly

and put together

Answer 5

identify goals for the therapy

put together plan to achieve them

Question 6

COGNITIVE ELEMENT - what is one of central tasks of CBT

Answer 6

ID where tehre may be negative and irratinoal thoughts

that will beenfit from challenge

Question 7

BEHAVIOURAL ELEMENT - what 2 parts does this involve

Answer 7

CBT then involves working to change negative and irratinoal thoughts

and

finally put more effective behaviours into place

Question 8

BECKS COGNITIVE THERAPY - Cog therapy is the application of

Answer 8

becks cognitive therory of depression

Question 9

BECKS COGNITIVE THERAPY - whats the idea behind cognitive therapy

Answer 9

identify automatic/negative thoughs about world , self and future

Question 10

BECKS COGNITIVE THERAPY - what is identifying negative thoughts about world , self and future

Answer 10

becks negative triad

Question 11

BECKS COGNITIVE THERAPY - What is central component of therapy

Answer 11

once negative triad ID

thoguhts must be challenged q

Question 12

BECKS COGNITIVE THERAPY - as well as challenigng negative triad directly what does cognitive therapy ADDITIONALLY AIM TO DO

Answer 12

help clients test reality of their negative beliefs

Question 13

BECKS COGNITIVE THERAPY - how can client test reality of negative triad/beliefs

Answer 13

set homework e.g record when peple where nice to them

Question 14

BECKS COGNITIVE THERAPY - why is setting client homework to test relaity of negatove beliefs referred to as ‘client as scientist’

3 points

Answer 14

cause investigating reality of their negative beliefs in way scientist would

ie

in future sessions if client says no one nice to em therapist can produce evidence/homework

and use it to prove client’s statements are incorrect

Question 15

please tell me what ellis therapy is called - issa long one

Answer 15

ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY

Question 16

ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY - what does it do in terms of abc

Answer 16

Extetnd it to ABCDE model

Question 17

ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY - what do D and E stand for

Answer 17

Dispute

Effect

Question 18

ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY - Whats the central technique of REBT

Answer 18

identify and dispute(challenge) irrational thoughts

Question 19

ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY - e.g client might talk about how unlucky theyve been or how unfair things seem

what would an REBT therapist do

Answer 19

identify these as example of utopianism

and challenge this as an irraitnoal belief

this would involve vigorous argument

Question 20

ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY - what is intended effect of vigorous argument

Answer 20

cHange irratinoal belief

and so break link between negatove life events and depression

Question 21

ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY - what is the hallmark of this therapy

Answer 21

vigorous argument

Question 22

ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY what are the 2 diff methods of disputing

Answer 22

empirical argument

logical argument

Question 23

ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY - what does empirical argument involve

Answer 23

disputing whether theres actual evidence to support negatove ebelief

Question 24

ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY - what does logical argument involve

Answer 24

disputing whehter negatove thought logically follows from the facts

Question 25

BEHAVIOURAL ACTIVATION - As individuals become depressed they tend to

Answer 25

increasingly avoid difficult situations

become isolated

Question 26

BEHAVIOURAL ACTIVATION - as individuals become depressed tehy tend to increasingly avoid difficult situations and become isolated what does htis do for their symptoms

Answer 26

maintains or worsens them

Question 27

BEHAVIOURAL ACTIVATION - whats the goal of this

and waht does therapist aim to do

Answer 27

work w depressed clients to gradually decrease their avoidance and isolation

and instead

increase engagement in activities that have been shown to improve mood
e.g excersising /going out to dinner

therapist aims to reinforce this

Question 28

EVAL - RESEARCH SUPPORT CBT
research by march et al 2007 found CBT was as effective as x in treating depresssion

found it out by taking x adolescents with diagnosis of x

compared effectiveness of CBT , x and x of CBT and antidepressants

found after x weeks x% of AD group and, x% of CBT and x% of combo group had significantly x

this demonstrates x of cbt in treating depression and also suggests it works x alongside x as a x therapy and may be even more x than just one or the other

Answer 28

research by march et al 2007 found CBT was as effective as antidepressants in treating depresssion

found it out by taking 327 adolescents with diagnosis of depressiion

compared effectiveness of CBT , antidepressants and combo of CBT and antidepressants

found after 36 weeks 81% of AD group and, 81% of CBT and 86% of combo group had significantly improved

this demonstrates effectivness of cbt in treating depression and also suggests it works well alongside medication as a combo therapy and may be even more effective than just one or the other

Question 29

EVAL not suitable for diverse range of clients

could be x for more x cases of depression and people with x x

cuz it requires x which may not be x in x cases of depression meaning they wont be able to x wit the x or pay x to whats hapenning in the sessions

+ x congtiive work associated with CBT could make it unsuitable for people with x x

x 2005 suggest x of any kind x for people with learning x

therfore limtiation as suggest cbt may only be x for x rnage of client x its effectivity

Answer 29

could be ineffective for more severe cases and people with learnign difficulties

cuz it requires motivation which may not be presnt in sever cases of depression meaning they wont be able to engage wit the work of pay attention to whats hapenning in the sessions

+ hard congtiive work associated with CBT could make it unsuitable for people with learnign disabilities
stumey 2005 suggest psychotherapy of any kind unsuitable for people with learning difficultisee

therfore limtiation as suggest cbt may only be appropriate for specifi rnage of client reducing its effectivity

Question 30

EVAL - counterpoint not suitable for rang of clients

more x evidence x idea cbt x for depression and elarning difficulties indi

x and x 2016 concluded CBT was as x as x and x therapy for severe depresssion

x et al 2008 concluded when used x CBT x for people with learning x

meaning CBT therfore may eb in fact x for a wider x of people than x thougt

Answer 30

more recent evidence challenges idea cbt unsuitable for depression and elarning difficulties indi

lewis and lewis 2016 concluded CBT was as effective as Antidepressants and behavioural therapy for severe depresssion

taylor et al 2008 concluded when used appropriatley CBT effective for people with learning disabilities

meaning CBT therfore may eb in fact suitable for a wider range of people han intially hougt

Question 31

EVAL - relapse rates

although cbt seem to eb quite effective in tackling the symptoms of depression theres some x over how long the x alst

some x studies suggest the x term outcomes are infact not as good as one hought

ine one study x et al assessed depression in x clients every x for xmonths following a course of CBT
x% relapsed w in x months of ending treatment
x% relapsed within a year

this means CBT may need to eb x x if its to maintain its x

Answer 31

although cbt seem to eb quite effective in tackling the symptoms of depression theres some concenr over how long the benefits alst

some recent studies suggest the long term outcomes are infact not as good as one hought

ine one study ali et al assessed depression in 439 clients every month for 12 months following a course of CBT
42% relapsed w in 6 months of ending treatment
5% relapsed within a year

this means CBT may need to eb repeated periodically if its to maintain its effectivity