Psychopathology - cognitive approach to treating depression Flashcards
WHAT IS CBT
Most commonly used psychological treatment for deression and range of other mental health issues
cbt is an example of a cog approach to treatment but also has
behavioural elements
COGNITIVE ELEMENT - what doesCBT bgin with
Assesment
COGNITIVE ELEMENT - in the assessment what happens
client and cognitive behaviour therapist work together to clarify clients problems
COGNITIVE ELEMENT - client and therapist jointly
and put together
identify goals for the therapy
put together plan to achieve them
COGNITIVE ELEMENT - what is one of central tasks of CBT
ID where tehre may be negative and irratinoal thoughts
that will beenfit from challenge
BEHAVIOURAL ELEMENT - what 2 parts does this involve
CBT then involves working to change negative and irratinoal thoughts
and
finally put more effective behaviours into place
BECKS COGNITIVE THERAPY - Cog therapy is the application of
becks cognitive therory of depression
BECKS COGNITIVE THERAPY - whats the idea behind cognitive therapy
identify automatic/negative thoughs about world , self and future
BECKS COGNITIVE THERAPY - what is identifying negative thoughts about world , self and future
becks negative triad
BECKS COGNITIVE THERAPY - What is central component of therapy
once negative triad ID
thoguhts must be challenged q
BECKS COGNITIVE THERAPY - as well as challenigng negative triad directly what does cognitive therapy ADDITIONALLY AIM TO DO
help clients test reality of their negative beliefs
BECKS COGNITIVE THERAPY - how can client test reality of negative triad/beliefs
set homework e.g record when peple where nice to them
BECKS COGNITIVE THERAPY - why is setting client homework to test relaity of negatove beliefs referred to as ‘client as scientist’
3 points
cause investigating reality of their negative beliefs in way scientist would
ie
in future sessions if client says no one nice to em therapist can produce evidence/homework
and use it to prove client’s statements are incorrect
please tell me what ellis therapy is called - issa long one
ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY
ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY - what does it do in terms of abc
Extetnd it to ABCDE model
ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY - what do D and E stand for
Dispute
Effect
ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY - Whats the central technique of REBT
identify and dispute(challenge) irrational thoughts
ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY - e.g client might talk about how unlucky theyve been or how unfair things seem
what would an REBT therapist do
identify these as example of utopianism
and challenge this as an irraitnoal belief
this would involve vigorous argument
ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY - what is intended effect of vigorous argument
cHange irratinoal belief
and so break link between negatove life events and depression
ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY - what is the hallmark of this therapy
vigorous argument
ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY what are the 2 diff methods of disputing
empirical argument
logical argument
ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY - what does empirical argument involve
disputing whether theres actual evidence to support negatove ebelief
ELLIS’ RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY - what does logical argument involve
disputing whehter negatove thought logically follows from the facts
BEHAVIOURAL ACTIVATION - As individuals become depressed they tend to
increasingly avoid difficult situations
become isolated
BEHAVIOURAL ACTIVATION - as individuals become depressed tehy tend to increasingly avoid difficult situations and become isolated what does htis do for their symptoms
maintains or worsens them
BEHAVIOURAL ACTIVATION - whats the goal of this
and waht does therapist aim to do
work w depressed clients to gradually decrease their avoidance and isolation
and instead
increase engagement in activities that have been shown to improve mood
e.g excersising /going out to dinner
therapist aims to reinforce this
EVAL - RESEARCH SUPPORT CBT
research by march et al 2007 found CBT was as effective as x in treating depresssion
found it out by taking x adolescents with diagnosis of x
compared effectiveness of CBT , x and x of CBT and antidepressants
found after x weeks x% of AD group and, x% of CBT and x% of combo group had significantly x
this demonstrates x of cbt in treating depression and also suggests it works x alongside x as a x therapy and may be even more x than just one or the other
research by march et al 2007 found CBT was as effective as antidepressants in treating depresssion
found it out by taking 327 adolescents with diagnosis of depressiion
compared effectiveness of CBT , antidepressants and combo of CBT and antidepressants
found after 36 weeks 81% of AD group and, 81% of CBT and 86% of combo group had significantly improved
this demonstrates effectivness of cbt in treating depression and also suggests it works well alongside medication as a combo therapy and may be even more effective than just one or the other
EVAL not suitable for diverse range of clients
could be x for more x cases of depression and people with x x
cuz it requires x which may not be x in x cases of depression meaning they wont be able to x wit the x or pay x to whats hapenning in the sessions
+ x congtiive work associated with CBT could make it unsuitable for people with x x
x 2005 suggest x of any kind x for people with learning x
therfore limtiation as suggest cbt may only be x for x rnage of client x its effectivity
could be ineffective for more severe cases and people with learnign difficulties
cuz it requires motivation which may not be presnt in sever cases of depression meaning they wont be able to engage wit the work of pay attention to whats hapenning in the sessions
+ hard congtiive work associated with CBT could make it unsuitable for people with learnign disabilities
stumey 2005 suggest psychotherapy of any kind unsuitable for people with learning difficultisee
therfore limtiation as suggest cbt may only be appropriate for specifi rnage of client reducing its effectivity
EVAL - counterpoint not suitable for rang of clients
more x evidence x idea cbt x for depression and elarning difficulties indi
x and x 2016 concluded CBT was as x as x and x therapy for severe depresssion
x et al 2008 concluded when used x CBT x for people with learning x
meaning CBT therfore may eb in fact x for a wider x of people than x thougt
more recent evidence challenges idea cbt unsuitable for depression and elarning difficulties indi
lewis and lewis 2016 concluded CBT was as effective as Antidepressants and behavioural therapy for severe depresssion
taylor et al 2008 concluded when used appropriatley CBT effective for people with learning disabilities
meaning CBT therfore may eb in fact suitable for a wider range of people han intially hougt
EVAL - relapse rates
although cbt seem to eb quite effective in tackling the symptoms of depression theres some x over how long the x alst
some x studies suggest the x term outcomes are infact not as good as one hought
ine one study x et al assessed depression in x clients every x for xmonths following a course of CBT
x% relapsed w in x months of ending treatment
x% relapsed within a year
this means CBT may need to eb x x if its to maintain its x
although cbt seem to eb quite effective in tackling the symptoms of depression theres some concenr over how long the benefits alst
some recent studies suggest the long term outcomes are infact not as good as one hought
ine one study ali et al assessed depression in 439 clients every month for 12 months following a course of CBT
42% relapsed w in 6 months of ending treatment
5% relapsed within a year
this means CBT may need to eb repeated periodically if its to maintain its effectivity
