Obedience :Resistance to social influence

Question 1

Pressure to conform can be resisted if

Answer 1

other people present that arent conforming

Question 2

simply the fact someone not following the majority is

Answer 2

social support

Question 3

social support enables naive pt to

Answer 3

be free to follow their own conscience

Question 4

what does the confederate that doesnt conform act like

Answer 4

a model of independent behaviour

Question 5

the confederates dissent gives rise to

Answer 5

more dissent

Question 6

why does confederate dissent give rise to more dissent - in tems of conformity

Answer 6

shows majority is no longer unanimous

Question 7

pressure to obey can be resisted if there is

Answer 7

another person whos seen to disobey

Question 8

in one of M variation obedience rate dropped from 65% to 10% when

Answer 8

genuine pt joined by disobedient confederate

Question 9

pt may not follow disobedient persons behaviour but the point is

Answer 9

other persons disobedience acts as a model of dissent

for the pt to copy

and this frees him to act from his own conscience

Question 10

what does dissenter do to the authority figure

Answer 10

challenges legitimacy of authority

Question 11

challengeing the legitimacy of authority easier makes it easier for

Answer 11

others to disobey

Question 12

rotter proposed LOC as a concept concerned w

Answer 12

internal contorl v external control

Question 13

what do people with an internal LOC believe

Answer 13

things that happen to them are largely controlled by themselves

Question 14

give example of I LOC

Answer 14

Doing well in an exam is becasue you worked hard

Question 15

people with external LOC believe

Answer 15

things that happen to tehm happen outside of their control

Question 16

give example of external LOC

Answer 16

If did well they used an excellent textbook

Question 17

disclaimer about LOC

Answer 17

people arent either external or interla LOC

Question 18

Considering the LOC its what type of measurement

• and relate this to individuals

Answer 18

scale and indi vary in their position on it

Question 19

where is high internal and external LOC

Answer 19

one end of the continuum

Question 20

where do low internal and external lie

Answer 20

inbetween continuum of high external and internal

Question 21

people with high internal LOC are more able to

Answer 21

resist pressures to conform r obey

Question 22

if person takes personal responsibility for actions as internals do what do they tend to base their decsisions on

Answer 22

their own beleiefs rather than depending on opinions of others

Question 23

another expl for resitance to social influence is that those with a high internal LOC have what 3 charcateristics that lead to higher resitance to SI

Answer 23

self ocnfident

achievement orientated

have higher intelligence

Question 24

The three characteristics of those that have higher resostance are synoymous with …
who…

Answer 24

leaders , who have much less need for social approval than followers

Question 25

resistance to social infleunce is

Answer 25

ability of people to withstand the social presure to confrom to majority or obey authority

this ablity to withstand social pressure influenced by dispositional and situational factord

Question 26

social support is

Answer 26

prescence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others to do the same

these people act as models to show otehrs that resitance to SI is possible

Question 27

LOC definitino

Answer 27

refers to the sense we each have about what directs events in our lives

internals believe mostly responsible for what happens to them

external beleie mainly a matter of luck or other outside forces

Question 28

STRENGTH - LOC RESEARCH SUPPORT- spector

Answer 28

research also supports the idea that individuals with an internal locus of control are less likely to conform.

Spector (1983) used Rotter’s locus of control scale to determine whether locus of control is associated with conformity.

From 157 students, Spector found that individuals with a high internal locus of control were less likely to conform than those with a high external locus of control,

but only in situations of normative social influence, where individuals conform to be accepted.

There was no difference between the two groups for informational social influence.

This suggests that normative social influence, the desire to fit in, is more powerful than informational social influence, the desire to be right,
when considering locus of control.

Question 29

STRENGTH - REAL WORLD APPLICATINO - SOCIAL SUPPORT

Answer 29

One strenght of research showing the importance of social support in resisting social influence is real world application

researcehrs evaluated 8 week programme designed to help pregnant teens resistg peer pressure to smoke

and found when social support was provided by a slighlty older buddy teens were significantly less likely to smoke than a control group

showing social support can help young people resist social influence as a part of intervention in teh real world

furthermore this research has important implications on other areas of society . stopping preggo tens from engagin and damagin behaviour during pregn menas likelihood of givign birth ot baby with with health problems also reduced

meaning healthcare workers already stretched to capacity wont have to expend resources on medical issues that couldve been prevented in advance and will be able to focus attention on people in need of care for reasons beyond their contrl

Question 30

STRENGHT - RESEARCH SUPPORT - SOCIAL SUPPORT

Answer 30

evidence to support role of dissenting peers in resisting social infleunce

gamson et al asked pt to work in groups to gather evidence to run a smear campaign for oil company

found higher levels of resistance in study than milgram as people working in groups so could discuss what they were told to do

found 88% of people rebelled against orders

showing peer support can lead to disobedience by undermining legiticimacy of authority figure

Question 31

STRENGTH - RESEARCH SUPPORT LOC

Answer 31

RESEARCH EVIDENCE supports link between LOC and resistance to obedience

holland repeated milgram baseline study and measured whether pt were internals /externals

found 37% of internals didnt continue to highest shock levels - showed resistance

whereas only 23% of externals didnt continue

internals showed greater resistance to authority

this shows resistance is at least partly related to LOC whihc increases validity of LOC as explanation of disobedience

Question 32

COUNTERPOINT TO LOC SUPPORTING RESEARCH

Answer 32

despote supporting evidence rotter himself suggestsed it can only explain resistance in novel situations

when peeps in situations where they’ve conformed or obeyed in the apst
likely ot repeat this behaviour next time situation comes around
meaning LOC may only come into effect when situation is unknown, and therefore correct course of action is unclear
making LOC only a ltd explanation for resistance

however doesnt mean its worthless expl as it can xplain individual instances of resistance in research, simply means we have to be open and aware to teh influences of other factors alongside a perosns LOC