conformity Types and Explanaitons Flashcards

1
Q

Who suggested theres 3 ways people conform to opinion of majority

A

Kelman

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2
Q

What are the three types of confomrity

A

Internalisation
Identification
Compliance

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3
Q

What is internalisation

A

when person genuinely accepts group norms

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4
Q

Internalisation reuslts in two types of change which are

A

public & private

changes of opinions/behaviours

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5
Q

Internalisaiton is usually

A

permanent / deepest type

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6
Q

Why is internalisation usually permanent

A

attitudes have been internalised i.e they’ve become part of a way a person thinks

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7
Q

with internalisaiton the the changes in opionions and behaviours continues even when

A

there’s an abscence of other group members

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8
Q

Identification is

A

conforming to opinions/behaviours of the group as

something about the group that we value

we identify with group so we want to be a part of it

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9
Q

identifcation MAY menas

A

publicly change opinions/behaviours to be accepted by group

even if don’t privately agree with everything group stands for

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10
Q

Compliance means

A

going along with others in public

but privately not changing personal opinions and/or behaviour

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11
Q

What type of change does compliance usually result in

A

superficial

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12
Q

In compliance when group pressure stops what happends

A

the particular behaviour/opinion (you confomred to ) stops

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13
Q

Deutsch and Gerad developed a

A

two process theory

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14
Q

What did the two process theory argue

A

two main reasons humans conform

based on two central needs

need to be liked
need to be right

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15
Q

Informational Social Influence is about

A

which party has the better info - the individual or rest of the group

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16
Q

in terms of ISI - often we are uncertain about

A

what behaviours and beliefs are right or wrong

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17
Q

give a class example of ISI

A

Dont know answer to a q

but majority of class gives an asnwer you accept it

as you feel theyre likly ot be right

18
Q

in ISI what do we folliw

A

behaviour of the group (majority)

19
Q

in ISI why do we follow the behaviour of the group

A

we want to be right

20
Q

what type of process is ISI

21
Q

WHy is ISIS a cognitive process

A

its to do with whta we think

22
Q

Informational social influence can lead to which type of conformity

A

internalistion - permanwnt change in opiion/behaviour

23
Q

define ISI

A

EXPL of conformity that says

we agree with the opinion of the majority as we believe its correct

we accept it as we wanna be correct as well

may lead to internalisation

24
Q

when is ISI most likely to happen (3)

A

situations new to person

situations where theres some ambiguity

crisis situation

25
why is ISI likely to happen in situations new to person
as we dont know whats right
26
why is ISIS LIKLRKY TO HAPPEN IN situations where theres some ambiguity
as its not clear whats right
27
why is ISI likely to happen in crisis situation
decisions have to be made quickly and we assume gorup more likely to be right
28
normative social influence is abour
norms i.e whats typical behaviour for a social group
29
what do norms do in social groups and for individuals
regulate behaviour so not suprising we pay attention to tehem
30
people dont lik to appear as
foolish
31
people prefer to gain ... rather than
social approval rather than being rejected
32
what type of process is NSI
Emotional rather than cognitive
33
why is NSI an emotional pricess
people dont liek to appear foolish prefer to gain social approval rather than be rejected
34
what type of change does NSI lead to
compliance - temporary change in opinions/behaviours
35
what three type of situaitons can NSI be more likely
situations with starngers people you know stressful rahter than non stressful situations
36
NSI may occur in situaitons with starngers where you may
feel concerned about rejection
37
NSI may occur insituations with people we know because
were most ocnerned about social approval of our friends
38
why may NSI occur in situaitons that are more stressful than non stresful
people mayhave greater need for social support
39
what are is the difference between types and explantions of conformity
types - internalisation , complaince , identificaiton expl - NSI, ISI
40
strenght research support for NSI x study into confomrity provides research support for NSI When asked to judge line lengths he found many pt went x with the x answers of other group members when questioned in post-x interviews pt said changed answer to avoid x from rest of group clearly showing x had occurred as pt conformed in order to x in demonstrated in later variation when pressure to x conform is x by asking pt to x ans on a peice of x rather than say the aloud conformity rates fell to x%as fear of rejection x this is x because we can idnetify at least x confomrity is due to x not to be x by group for disagreeing with them whihc is xxx
Asch study into confomrity provides research support for NSI When asked to judge line lengths and match to a standard line. he found many pt went along with the wrong answers of other group members when questioned in post-experimental interviews pt said changed answer to avoid disapproval from rest of group clearly showing compliance had occurred as pt conformed in order to fit in asch demonstrated in later variation when pressure to publicly conform is removed by asking pt to write ans on a peice of paper rather than say the aloud conformity rates fell to 12.5%as fear of rejection decreased this is beneficial because we can idnetify at least some confomrity is due to desire not to be rejcted by group for disagreeing with them whihc is NSI
41
Strength research support for ISI Provided by x et al students asked to give ans to math problems that were x or x x confomrity to x asnwers was found when questions were x rather than easy as when easy pt *knew their own x* but when problem was x situaiton became x - pt didnt want to be x so they relied on ans thye were being x this shows ISI is a x explanation of conofrmity as resuls are what xxx would x
Provided by LUCAS ET AL students asked to give ans to math problems that were easy or difficult greater confomrity to incorrect asnwers was found when questions were dificl rather than easy as when easy pt *knew their own minds* but when problem was hard situaitonbecame ambigious - pt didnt want to be wrong so they relied on ans thye were being given this shows ISI is a valid explanation of conofrmity as resuls are what ISI would predict
42
COUNTERPOINT for lucas et al IS x wehther xxx or NSI affeting people in research studies and rela life e.g asch found conformity is x when there is one other x pt present and were not sure what x the dissenter is having as they may reduce the x of NSI by providing x support or they may reduce the power of xxx as they provide x source of x - both interps x therfore its hard to x ISI and NSI and both processes may operate x in most real world conformity x
unclear wehther ISIS or NSI affeting people in research studies and rela life e.g asch found conformity is reduced when there is one other dissenting pt present and were not sure what effect the dissenter is having as they may reduce the power of NSI by providing social support or they may reduce the power of ISI as they provide alt source of information - both interps possible therfore its hard to seperate ISI and NSI and both processes may operate together in most real world conformity situations