MEMORY: Research into Duration Flashcards
researchers of STM
Peterson x 2
Who did P2 test
24 students in 8 trials
each trial was
a test
Each trial the student was given a what to remeber
consonant syllable(YCG) and 3 digit number
What did students have to do in P2 study
count backwards fromm 3 digit number till told to stop
Why did student s have to count backwards from 3 digit number
prevent mental rehersal of the consonant syllable which would increase duration of STM for it
On each trial students were told to stop after
varying periods of time (retention interval)
What were the retention intervals students were told to stop at
3.,6,9,12,15,18
After 3 seconds what was avg recall
80%
After 18 seconds what was avg recall
3%
What do P2 findings suggest
duration STM about 18 seconds unless verbal rehersal used
Limitation of P2 study
stimulus material was artificial
Go further into expalining the limitation of the P2 study
although not completley useless a veces gotta remeber meaningless info (phone#)
however recall of CS doesnt mirror most everyday memory activities - where we try remeber meaningful info
therefore suggests study lacks EV ( ecological vaidity) as it may not be possible to generalise findings to everyday life
Who did study of duration of LTM
Bahrick
who did Bahrick study
392 americans 17-74
What was obtained etither directly from pt or some schools
highschool yearbooks
What were the 2 ways recall was tested
free recall - all names of their graduating class photo recognition test out of 50 photos - some pics from pt high school yb photos
how accurate were participants tested within 15 years for PHOTO RECOGNITION
90% accurate
After 48 years how accurate was recall - PHOTO RECOGNITION
70%
T/F free recall was more accurate rather than photo recognition
false
How accurate was free recall after 15 years
60%
How accurate was free recall after 48 years
30%
What does Bahrick’s research show about LTM
may last up to a lifetime for some material
Strenght of Bahricks research
study has high external validity
Explain strength of Bahricks research
has high EV as researchers investigated meaningful memories (names and faces)
when studies on LTM conducted with meaningless pictures to be remembered :recall rates lower
suggesting B et als findings reflect a more realistic estimate of duration of LTM
