Psychopathology - OCD Flashcards
DSM system recognises OCD and a range of related disorders what do they all have in common
repetitve beahviour accompanied by obsessive thinking
how many categories of OCD are there
4
state the 2 of categories of OCD
OCD
TRICHOTILLOMANIA
What is OCD
Condition charcterised by obsessions(recurring thoughts) and or compulsive behaviour(handwashing)
Obsessions are
congitive
compulsions are
behavioural
give example of obsessions
recurring thoughts, images
believing germs and bacteria exist everywhere
give example of compulsions
repetitive behaviour like handwashing
define compulsion
repetitive behaviours
define obsession
eoccurring and persistent thoughts
not based on reality
what trichotillomania
compulsive hair pulling
what is the behavioural component of OCD
compulsive behaviour
how many elemnts are there to compulsions
two
what are the two elements to compulsions
repetitve
they reduce anxiety
in terms of compulsiions being reptitve , people iwth OCD feel compelled to
repeat a behaviour
give example of 2 repetitive compulsion
handwashing
praying
COMPULSIONS REDUCE ANXIETY - 10& of people with OCD show
compulsive behaviour alone
if i have OCD and show compulsive behaviours alone what does this mean
got no obsessions
jsut gneral sense of irrational anxiety
for the vast majority why are compulsive behaviours performed
in attempt to manage anxiety produced by obsessions
give exmaple of compulsive behaviour in attempt to maange anxiety
compulsive washing hands
done as response to an obsessive fear of germs
in terms of behavioural charcteristics of OCD explain what avoidance is
attempt manage OCD by keeping away from situations that trigger anxiety
give example of avoidance in OCD
washing hands compulsivley to avoid coming into contact with germs
however what can avoidance lead to
and what can this lead to
people avoiding very ordinary situations
e.g emptying rubbish bins if not trying come into contact with germs
which can interfere with leadin regular life
what are teh emotional charcteristics of OCD
ANXIETY AND DISTRESS
ACCOMPANYING DEPRESSION
GUILT AND DISGUST
ECOOCD - In terms of anxiety an distress OCD is regarded as a
particulalry unpleasnat emotional experience
ECOOCD - why is OCD regarded as a particularly unpleasnat emotional xp
due to powerful anxiety that comes with obsessions and compulsions
ECOOCD - obsessive thougths are u
unpleasnat and frightening
ECOOCD - obsessive thoughta are unpleasant and frightening describe the anxiety that comes with these
overwhekming
ECOOCD - the urge to repeat a beahviour (compulsion) causes
anxiety
ECOOCD - ocd often accompanied by
depression
ECOOCD - ocd often accompanied by depression so anxiety can be accompanied by
low mood
lack of enjoyment in activities
ECOOCD - describe what compilsive behaviour tens to bring
some refkief from anxiety
but its temporary
ECOOCD - as well as being accopmanied by depression and anxiety OCD may also come with negatvoe emotions such a s
irrational guilt e.g over minor moral issues
disgust against something external like dirt
COGNITIVE CHARCTERSITICS - the cognitive approach is concerned with the ways in whihc
people process information
COGNITIVE CHARCTERSITICS - people w ocd are usually plagued with x
but they aso adopt …
obsessive thoughts but they also adopt cognitive startegies to deal with these
COGNITIVE CHARCTERSITICS - for around x% of people with ocd what is the major cognitive feature of their condition
90%
obsessive thoughts i,e thoughts tht occur over and voer again
COGNITIVE CHARCTERSITICS - obseseive thought svary from person to person but are always
unpleasant
COGNITIVE CHARCTERSITICS - give example of obsessive thought
certainty doors been left unlocked and tha intruders will neter thorugh it
COGNITIVE CHARCTERSITICS - cingitive coping startegies - what do people respond to obsession by and what is the intended purpose of this adoption
adopting cognitive startegies to deal with the obsessions `
COGNITIVE CHARCTERSITICS - cognitive coping startegies - give an example of a cognitive coping strategy
hint religious person
religious person being tormented by obssesive guilt may respond by praying or mediatatin
COGNITIVE CHARCTERSITICS - cognitive coping strategies - can help manage anxiety but what can they make the person appear as to others
abnormal
and can distarct them( the person) from everyday tasks
COGNITIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF OCD - INSIGHT INTO EXCESSIVE ANXIETY - what are people with ocd aware of
their obsession and compulsions are irrational
COGNITIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF OCD - INSIGHT INTO EXCESSIVE ANXIETY - what is necessary for the diagnosis of ocd
awareness that the obsesions and thoughts are irrational
COGNITIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF OCD - INSIGHT INTO EXCESSIVE ANXIETY - (follow up from last card) if someone relaly beleived their thoughts were based on relaity , this would be a symptom of ..
quite different form of mental disorder
COGNITIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF OCD - INSIGHT INTO EXCESSIVE ANXIETY - in spite of ocd suffereers awareness of obsessions/compulsions being irrational , people with OCD expereince
catastrophic thoughts about the worst case scenario that might reuslt if their anxieties were justified
COGNITIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF OCD - INSIGHT INTO EXCESSIVE ANXIETY - people with ocd also tens to be …
expand
hypervigilant i,e they maintian constat alertness and keep attention focused on potential hazards
what is a compulsion
what is a obsession
