RESEARCH EMTHODS : SECTIONS OF A SCOENTIFIC REPORT Flashcards
HOW MANY SECTIONS OF A SCIENTIFIC REPORT ARE THERE
6
state the 6 sections of a scientific report
abstract
introduction
method
results
discussion
referencing
what si abstarct
key details of the research report
what is introduction
a look at past research (therories and or studies)
on a similar topic
includes aim and hypothesis of current investiation
what is method
what 5 things …
a description of what the researchers did , including
design
sample
appartus/materials
procedure
ethics
what are results
a description of what research found including
descriptive and inferential statistics
what is discussion
a consideration of waht the results of a research study tell us in terms of psychological theory
what is references
list of sources that are referred to or quoted in the article
e.g journal articles, books , web
and theri full details
abstract is the first
section
abstarct is a what of how many words
short summary
150-200 word
the abstract includes all teh major elemtns list em (4)
aims and hypotheses
method/procedure
results
and conclusions
when researching a particular topci psycholoigists will often rread lots of
abstracts
when researching a particular topic psychologists will often read lots of abstracts why
to identify those studies worthy of further examination
what does introduction begin with
a review of previos research (theories and studies)
why does introduction begin with a review of previous research
so reader knows what other research ahs een done and understands the reasons for the current study
in terms of introduction the research review should follow a
logical progression
what does the research review following a logical progression mean
begins broadly and gradually becoming more specific until the aims and hypotheses are presented
the method is split into several s
subsections
the method shoudl include sufficient
detail
why should the method include sufficient detail
so othe rresearcheers are able to precisley replicat the study if they wish
what are hte 5 subsections of the method
design
sample
apparatus/materials
procedure
ethics
explain what teh design includes and shows
design shoudl be clearly stated e.g independent groups
justificatons for that given choice
in teh sample what is inormation related to
people involved in the study e.g how many ther were
bio/demographical infor (as long as this doesnt compromise anonymity
sampling method
target population
what is the appartus /materials
details of any assessment instruments used and other elevant materials
what is the procedure
recipe style list of everything occured from beginning to end
includes a verbatim record of everyhting rhat was said to pt: briefing
standardised instructions
debriefing
whats is in the ethics
an explanation of how they were adressed int eh study
the results shoudl dummarise jey findings what is this liekly to include
descriptive statistics
inferential statistics
any raw data collected and calaclations appear in an appendix rather than main body of the report
if researcher used qualitative methods of research teh results /findings are liekly to involve analysis of themes and or categories
what do descriptive statistics include
tables graphs charts
measures of central tendency
measures of disperison
what shoudl inferential stastistics include
reference to the choice of
statistical tests
calculated and critical values
the level of significance and final outcome i.e which hypothesis was rejected
discussion - how wiill the researcher summairse finding s
verbal rather than staisticla form
discussion - how should the results be discussed
in the contect of teh evidence presented in the introduciton and other research that may be relevant
dsicusiion - teh researcher shoudl discuss the x of the presnt investigaiton
limitations
discussion - the researcher shoud discuss the limtiations of the presnt investigation what could this include
some suggestions of how these limtiaitons can be adressed in a future study
discussion - finally what is considered
the wider implications of this research
discussion - what may wider implications include
real world applicaitons of what has been discovered and what contirbution the investigation has made to the existing knwoledge base within the field
referencing includes
full details of any soruce material cited in teh report
referencing - what is the format of journal refernces
author(S) boateng D
date - 1991
article journal - effects of time of day and personlaity on intelligence test scores
journal name (italics) *personality and individual differences *
volume (issue) 2 (11)
page number 2000-2002
referencing - waht is the format of book references
authors(S) - boateng D
date - 1953
title of the book (italics) Science and Human Behaviour
place of publication - New York
publisher- MacMillan
what is the format of web reference
source NHS
date 2016
title Phobias
weblink https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/phobias
date accessed - accessed May 2020
