biopsychology - synaptic transmission

Question 1

what is syaptic trasnmission

Answer 1

process byw hich neighbouring neurons communciate with eahc otehr by sending chemical messages across the syanpse that seperates them

Question 2

how do neurons communcicate with eahc other

Answer 2

within groups known as neural networks

Question 3

eahc neurons seperated fromthe next by

Answer 3

extrmeley tiny gap called synapse

Question 4

signals within neurons are tramsitted

Answer 4

electrically

Question 5

signals between neurons are transmitted

Answer 5

chemically across the synapse

Question 6

the end of the neurons is called

Answer 6

presynaptioc terminal

Question 7

when an electrical impulse reaches the end of the neuron(presyanptic terminal) what happens

Answer 7

it triggers the release of the neurotrasnitter from tiny sacs called synaptic vesicles

Question 8

neurotransmitters

Answer 8

going on now

Question 9

what are neurotrasmitters

Answer 9

chemicals that diffuse across the synapse to the next neuron in the chain

Question 10

once a neurotrasnitter crosse the gap waht ahppens

Answer 10

its taken up by a postsynaptic receptor site on the dendrites of the next neuron

Question 11

where do axons take signals

Answer 11

to the synapse

Question 12

where do dendrites take signals

Answer 12

away fromt eh synapse

Question 13

once a neurotrasnitter crosse the gap its taken up by a postsynaptic receptor site on the dendrites of the next neuron what happens here

Answer 13

teh chemical message is converted back into an electrical impulse and the process of transmission begins again in this other neuron

Question 14

the direction of travel can only be

Answer 14

one way

Question 15

why can the diretion of travel only be one way

Answer 15

nt are releasd from teh presyanptic neuron terminal and recieved by the postsyanptic neuron (at receptor sites)

Question 16

several dozen types of nt have been idenitfied where

Answer 16

in the brian

(as well as spinal cord and glands)

Question 17

each neurotransmitter has its own x structure that ….

Answer 17

specific molecular structure

that

fits perfectly into a postsyanptic receptor site

similar ot a lock and key

Question 18

nt also have specilisat function true or flase

Answer 18

true

Question 19

each nt has its own specialist funciton for instance tell me about acetylcholine

Answer 19

found at eahc point where a motor neuron meets a muscle

upon its release cuases muscles ot contract

Question 20

excitaiton and inhibition

Question 21

neurotransmitter have 1 of 2 effects name them

Answer 21

excitatory

inhibitory

on neighbouring neurosn

Question 22

for instance nt serotinin causes inhibition in the recieving neuron what does thi smena

Answer 22

results in the neuron becoming more -vley charged and less liekly to fire

Question 23

adrenaline is both a

Answer 23

neurotrasmitter

hormone

Question 24

adrenaline cuases excitation of the postynaptic neuron what does this mean

Answer 24

it increass its +Ve charge making it more likely to fire

Question 25

summation

Question 26

whether a psotynaptic enuro fire is decided by

Answer 26

the process of summation

Question 27

explain summaitno

Answer 27

excitatory and inhibtirory influences are summed

if net effect on post synaptic neuron is inhibitory the post syanptic neuron is less liekly to fire

if net effect is excitatory its more likely to fire , i.e inside of the postsynaptic neuron moemtarily beocmes +vley charged

once electrical impulse is created it travels down the neuron

therfore the actino ptoenial of teh postsyanptic neuron is only triggered if the sum of the excitatory and inhibitory signals at any one time reaches the threshold

Question 28

what is action potential

Answer 28

Information is passed down the axon of the neuron