Psychopathology - BIOLOGICAL APPROACH TO TREATING OCD

Question 1

THIS IS ALL ABOUT

Answer 1

DRUG THERAPY

Question 2

DRUG THERAPY FOR MENTAL DISORDERS AIM to

Answer 2

increase or decrease levels of neurotransmitters in teh brian

or to

increase/decrease tehri activity

Question 3

low levels of serotinin are asosociated with

Answer 3

OCD

Question 4

As low levels of serotinin are asosociate dwith OCD , drugs to treat OCD work…

Answer 4

work in various wyas to increase teh leve of serotinin in the brain

Question 5

standard medical treatment used to tackle symptoms of OCD involve

Answer 5

particular type of antidepressant drug

called a Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor

Question 6

where do SSRI’s work

Answer 6

on serotonin system in the brain

Question 7

serotinin is relaeased by

Answer 7

certian neurons in teh brian

Question 8

in particular what neuron is serotinin released by asn wehre does it travel across

Answer 8

presynaptic neurons and travesl across a synapse

Question 9

after serotonin is released by presynaptc neruosn and travelsa cross a synapse

the neurotransmiterr chemicallt.

Answer 9

the NT chemically conveys the signal from teh presynaptic neuron to the postsyanptic neuron

and then it is reabsorbed by the presynaptic neuron

where its broken down and reused

Question 10

by preveting the reabsorption and breakdown SSRIs effectivley

Answer 10

increase levels of serotonin in the synapse

and thus continue to stimulate hte post synaptic neuron

Question 11

by preveting the reabsorption and breakdown SSRIs effectivley

and what does this compensate for

Answer 11

increase levels of serotonin in the synapse and thus continue to stimulate hte post synaptic neuron

this compensates for wjatever is wrong with thte serotnin system in OCD

Question 12

Dosage and other advice vary according to

Answer 12

which SSRI is prescribed

Question 13

a typical dose of fluoxetine is

Answer 13

20mg

Question 14

a typical does of fluoxetine is 20mg although this may be

Answer 14

increased if tis not benefottom the person

Question 15

SSRI is available as

Answer 15

capsules or liquid

Question 16

how long doe it take SSRIs to have much impact on symptoms

Answer 16

3- 4 months of daily use

Question 17

combining SSRIs with other treatments - drugs often used longside what to treat OCD

Answer 17

CBT

Question 18

combining SSRIs with other treatments - why do drug used alingsdie CBT to treat OCD

Answer 18

drugs reduce persons emotional symptoms
e.g anxiety /depression

so people with OCD can engge more effectivley with CBT

Question 19

combining SSRIs with other treatments - in practive some people respond best to

Whilst others

Answer 19

CBT alone whislt others benefit more when additionally using drugs like fluoxetine

Question 20

combining SSRIs with other treatments - occasionaly what is prescribed alongside SSRIs

Answer 20

OTHER DRUGS

Question 21

ALTERNATIVES to SSRIS - when ssri not efective after 3 -4 months what are the options

Answer 21

dose can be increased

or ssri can be comboed with toehr drugs

Question 22

ALTERNATIVES to SSRIS - somwtimes differnet antidpressats are tried

people repsond very diferently to….

2 points

Answer 22

different drugs

alternatives work well for some people and not at all for others

Question 23

ALTERNATIVES to SSRIS - what are the 2 alternative antidepressants

Answer 23

tricyclics
SNRIs

Question 24

ALTERNATIVES to SSRIS - tricyclics are an older type of

Answer 24

antidepresant

Question 25

ALTERNATIVES to SSRIS - give an example of a tricyclic

Answer 25

clomipramine

Question 26

ALTERNATIVES to SSRIS - how do tricyclics work

Answer 26

acts on various systems including serotonin system

where it has same effects as SSRIs

Question 27

ALTERNATIVES to SSRIS - compare side effects of clomipramine and SSRI and expan

Answer 27

clomipramine/tricyclics got mroe severe side effects than SSRIs

so generally kept in reserve for people who dont repsond to ssris

Question 28

ALTERNATIVES to SSRIS - what are SNRIs

Answer 28

serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors q

Question 29

ALTERNATIVES to SSRIS - true or false SNRIs been used more recently to treat OCD

Answer 29

true

Question 30

ALTERNATIVES to SSRIS - SNRIs are a diff type of

Answer 30

antidepressant

Question 31

ALTERNATIVES to SSRIS - SNRIs are a second line of defence for people who

Answer 31

dont repsond to SSRIs

Question 32

ALTERNATIVES to SSRIS - what do SNRIs increase

Answer 32

levels of serotnin as well as

noradrenaline (a diff neurotransmitter )

Question 33

strength research support SSRIs

research support for their x

X drug trials compared teh x of SSRIs and a x

Researchers conducted a x of research examining the x of SSRIs and found they were x more x than placebos in treatment of OCD across x diff trials

this supports the use of x treatments espesh x for OCD

But studies such as this are x for only concluding the x term effectiveness of drug treatments with x term effects still to be investigated x

Answer 33

research support for their effectiveness

randomised drug trials compared teh effectiveness of SSRIs and a placebo

somorero et al 2008 conducted a review of research examining the effectiveness of SSRIs and found they were singificantly more effective than placebos in treatment of OCD across 17 diff trials

this supports the use of bio treatments espesh SSRIs for OCD

But studies such as this are criticised for only concluding the shirt term effectiveness of drug treatments with long term effects still to be investigated empirically

Question 34

limitation - symptoms not cuase

drug treatments criticised for x symptoms of the disorder and not the x

although SSRis work by x lvl of serotnin in the brain whihc reduces x and x symptoms of x it doesnt treat the x x of OCD

Furthermore once a patient x taking teh x , theyre prone to x

therfore x et al suggests that x treatments such as x may be a more effective x solution to provide a lasting x and a potential x

Answer 34

drug treatments criticised for treating symptoms of the disorder and not the cuase

although SSRis work by increasing lvl of serotnin in the brain whihc reduces anxiety and alleviates symptoms of OCD it doesnt treat the underlying cause of OCD

Furthermore once a patient stops taking teh drug , theyre prone to relapse

therfore koran et al suggests that psycholgical treatments such as CBT may be a more effective LT solution to provide a lasting treatment and a potential cure

Question 35

strenght - preferable to other treatmet s

one of great x of drug therapy is it requires little x from user in terms of x and x

in x therapies such as x require the patient to attend x meetings and put x x into tackling the problem

durg therapies much x for health services as they require little x and cost much x than other x treamtents

these benefits mean drug therapies are more x for the ehalth service
+ also more x than psycho therapies often making em a x choice all around

Answer 35

one of great appeals of drug therapy is it requires little input from user in terms of effort and time

inc contrast therapies such as CBT require the patient to attend regular meetings and put considerable thought into tackling the problem

durg therapies much chepaer for health services as they require little monitoring and cost much less than other psycho treamtents

these benefits mean drug therapies are more econmical for the ehalth service
+ also more attractive than psycho therapies often making em a propular choice all around