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Psychology A-level > ATTACHMENT: Influence of early attachment on later relationships > Flashcards

ATTACHMENT: Influence of early attachment on later relationships Flashcards

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1
Q

Internal Working Model suggests a baby’s first …

A

relationship with primary attachment figure leads to a mental representation of the relationship

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2
Q

IWM acts as a template for

A

future childhood and adult relationships

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3
Q

quality of a babies first attchment crucial as

A

this template affects the nature of their future relationships

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4
Q

a babeis first experience of a loving relationship with a reliable attachment figure tends to assume

A

this is how all relationships should be

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5
Q

a babeis first experience of a loving relationship with a reliable attachment figure tends to seek out and behave

A

functional relationships and behave functionally

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6
Q

what type of behaviour do insecure avoidant attachments show

A

uninvolved in relationship or emotionally unavailable

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7
Q

what type of behaviour do insecure resistant attachments show

A

controlling

argumentative

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8
Q

a child with bad experiences in a relationship will bring

A

bad experiences to bear on later relationships

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9
Q

a child with bad experiences in a relationship will struggle to

A

form relationships in the first place

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10
Q

child with bad experiences in a relationship will display what type of behaviour

A

inapproporiate behaviour showing insecure resitant/avoidant behaviour to friends and family

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11
Q

attachment types associated with what in childhood

A

qusality of peer relationships in childhood

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12
Q

securley attached babies tend to form the…

A

best quality chilhood friendships

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13
Q

insecurley attached babies later have ..

A

friendship difficulties

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14
Q

What else can be predicted by attachment type

A

bullying

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15
Q

What did Myron Wilson and Smith assess

A

attachment types and bullying involvement

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16
Q

How did Myron Wilson and Smith assess bullying involvement and attachment type

A

standard questionnaires

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17
Q

What was the sample size of Myron - Wilson

A

196 children Londoners

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18
Q

What was the sample age of Myron - Wilson

A

7-11 year olds

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19
Q

how likely are securley attached to be involved in bullying

A

unlikely

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20
Q

Who’s most likely to be a victim of bullying

A

insecure avoidant

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21
Q

Who’s most likely to be the bully

A

insecure resistant

22
Q

IWM affect which two adult experiences

A

romantic relationships

parental relationships w their own kids

23
Q

Hazan and Shaver conducted a what type of study

A

classical study

24
Q

Hazan and Shaver conducted a classical study on

A

association between attachment and adult relationships

25
Q

how many love quiz replies did they analyse

A

620

26
Q

Where was the love quiz printed

A

an american local newspaper

27
Q

Love Quiz - How many sections did the quiz have

A

3

28
Q

Love Quiz - The first section assessed

A

respondents current or most important relationship

29
Q

Love Quiz - The second section assessed

A

general love experiences such as number of partners

30
Q

Love Quiz - the third section assessed

A

attachment types

31
Q

Love Quiz - How did the third section asses attachment types

A

asked repsondents to choose which statement best described their feelings

32
Q

Love Quiz - What percentage of repsondents identified as securley attached

A

56%

33
Q

Love Quiz - What percentage of respondents identified as insecure avoidant

A

25%

34
Q

Love Quiz - What percentage of respondents identidied as insecure resitant

A

19%

35
Q

Love Quiz - those reporting as secure attachment most likely to have

A

good and longer lasting romantic experiences

36
Q

Love Quiz - avoidant attachmentents tended to reveal …

A

jealousy and fear of intimacy

37
Q

Findings of the Love Quiz - suggest

A

patterns of attachment behaviour are reflected in romantic relationships

38
Q

Who did Mcarthy study

A

40 women who had been assessed when they were babies

39
Q

why were the 40 women assesed when they were babeis

A

to establish their early attachment type

40
Q

those assesed as securley attached had the best

A

adult and romantic relationships

41
Q

Adults classed as IR babies had particular problems…

A

mantaining friendships

42
Q

the women classed as IA struggled with

A

intimacy in romantic relationships

43
Q

People’s parenting style is based on

A

IWM

44
Q

As people’s parenting styles based IWM this means attachment types …

A

tend to be passed on through generations of a family

45
Q

Bailey et al considered the attachment types of

A

99 mothers to their babies and own mothers

46
Q

How did Bailey assess mother attachment types to their babies

A

strange situation

47
Q

How did Bailey assess mother attachment types to their mothers

A

used an adult attachment interview

48
Q

results : the majority of women had the same

A

attachment type to their babies as tthey did to their mothers

49
Q

eval deterministm

A

The internal working model is also significantly deterministic as it believes that the behaviour in adult
relationships is pre-determined by childhood experiences and thus leaves no room for free will. It also does not
allow for the fact that some individuals do experience positive adult relationships despite being insecurely
attached in childhood which would show that these children have clearly emphasised their free will and worked
to develop healthy relationships instead of their fate having been determined by their childhood environment.

50
Q

research - validity issues

A

Research got validity issues
Self report techniques that are v reulalry used
Use of retrospective data
Most studies dont acc use the strange situation to assess infant parent attachment - but use interviews and questionaniers - and theyre often conducted years after infancy
This poses numerorus problems e.g self report techniques rely on pt being honest with researcehr but also having realistic view of their relationship with their parent /parent which is difficult to achieve

Youre asking someone q about something that happened years ago , gotta look back and try rremebr accuratley the nature of their attahcemnt to their parent - this relies on v accurate recollections and its not a very valid wy of collecting research -
Which decreases internal validity

51
Q

RESEARCH IS INCOLCUSIVE

A

So IWM predicts attachment type in infancy is usually the same as the one that characterises persons later relationships
However attachment research is inconclusive on this particular issue - youve got people like mccarthy who provide evidence to support IWM
Also got people like zimmerman who dont support it - assessed infants attachment type and adolescent attachments to parents and found there was very little relationship between infant and adolescent attachment
This is a problem as not what we expect if IWM was important in development and had a strong effect on later relationships

Psychology A-level (87 decks)

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