Tues Wk 6 Mixed Flashcards
Nephroblastoma- contains embryonic __ structures
large, palpable unilateral mass w __/hematuria
LoF mutations in / tumor suppresor on chromo 11
WAGR complex: __ tumor, A__, __ malforms, mental __
due to WT1 _
Denys Drash has wilms tumor w early onset __ syndrome and male pseudohermaphorditism
WT1 __
BWS: wilms w M, O, H due to WT2 mutation
glomerular flank pain WT1/WT2 wilms, aniridia, GU, retard deletion
nephrotic
mutation
macroglossia, organomegaly, hemihyperplasia
\_\_ is tumor of AM in kids originates from \_\_ cells see ab distension w firm \_\_ mass see \_\_ SYNDROME (dancing syndrome) inc \_\_/\_\_ in urine see HW \_\_ like medulloblastoma inc expression of \_\_
look for __ in CYP activity
can be P/I/R metabolizer
Tamoxifen is metabolized by __
I/S are two drugs metabolized by acetylation
HS has __ coombs
inc osmotic fragility in __ lysis test due to dec SA/V ratio
comps include pigmented __ and aplastic crisis w P19
abnormal __ of sickled RBC to endothelium leads to pain crises/Avasc necrosis
neuroblastoma NCC irregular opisthotnos-myoclonus HVA/VMA rosettes nMYC
polymorphism
poor, intermediate, rapid
CYP2D
isoniazid/sulfonamides
NEGATIVE
acidifed glycerol
gallstones
adhesions
Lyonization is maintained across __ resulting in cells that express Maternal/paternal X chromo
females can only develop XLR traits w ___
form __ w compact heterochromatin at nuclear periphery
some genes still __, thus abnormal number of x chromos leads to gene dosage effect
Topo prevents _ supercoiling by inducing neg coiling and ligating strands
__ uses specific antibodies, and adds radiolabeled/unlabeled antigen
plate is __ then measured
if no changes in radioactivity occurred, antigens have different __
pt must have __ to refuse tx
cell division
skewed x inactivation
barr body
active
positive
radioassay
washed
binding sites
decision making capacity
__ dx due to AR inactivation of neutral AA transporter
__ is most important, precursor for niacin, serotonin, melatonin
sx are thus due to __ deficit w cerebellar ataxia
look for neutral __ to dx
tx w __ sups and high protein diet
babies at risk for __ syndrome inc w mom who has poor mental health, HepC infect, or no prenatal care
sx include H, J, D, V, feeding intolerance, S, S
tx w M/M and wean
pts on __ half lifes present sooner, while those w longer half lifes present later
use __ to tx TCA Overdose
janeway lesions composed of B/N/N
hartnup tryptophan niacin aminoaciduria niacin
neonatal abstinence
hyperreflexia, jittery, diarrhea, vomiting, shivering, sneezing
methadone/morphine
shorter
Na HCO3
bacteria, PMN, necrotic material
presence of __ always indicates HBV infection
cardiac AP speed is SLOWEST in __
FASTEST in __
conduction speed of __ is faster than __ muscle
__ is major virulence factor for strep pyo
inhibits __ and complement
also cytotoxic for __ and mediates bacterial attaching
__ is also antiphagocytic in capsule, but is not immunogenic
__ lyses RBC/PMN
__ depolymerizes DNA in pus/PMN
__ converts plasminogen to plasmin for free movement
__ ROM in bursitis is painful, but passive is normal
think __ w excessive kneeling
think __ cyst w swelling of gastroc/semimembranosus bursa
due to extrusion of __ into joint in pt w joint dz
HBcAg
AV node
perkinje system
atrial, ventricular
protein m phagocytosis hyaluronidase Streptolysin O DNase strptokinase
active
prepatellar bursitis
bakers/popliteal
synovial fluid
other manifestations of sarcoid include anterior/posterior __ and lofgren syndrome
see pulm __ infiltrates
elevated serum __
this is __ independent prodxn of 125OHVD, thus hypercalciuria is present
pth is __
choroid plexus is __ cells of simple ciliated columnar epi
has __ to selectively limit material entering
goes from lat ventricle to 3rd via __
then to 4th ventricle via __
leaves via 2 _ and 1 __ and into arachnoid vili
communicating hydrocephalus is due to impaired __
RF for HBV in neonate is maternal __ and HBeAg
become immune __ w chronic infection bc t cells are lacking
tx w __ after delivery and Ig
tx rabies w prophylactic __ that has grown in culture and __ by beta propiolactone
also immune __
commonly transmitted by _
uveitis reticular ACE PTH low
ependymal TJ foramen of monro cerebral aqueduct foramena luschka, foramen of magendie
reabsorption
viral load
tolerant
vaccination
vaccination, inactivated
globulin
bats
__ sits in groove of two actin filaments when muscle is at rest
troponin T binds __
troponin _ binds complex to actin
troponin C binds __
Calmodulin/myosin light chain kinase needed in __
when MLCK is __, Ca rises and contraction occurs
Lynch syndrome is inherited __
MLH1/MSH2 code for / MutS detects mismatch on __ strand
MutL then recruited to slide until DNA _ encountered
degraded __ past initial match point, w ssDNA stabilized by ssDNA protein
DNA polymerase _ loads and synthesizes new segment
__ flls in gaps
UV light damage repaired by __ repair
ionizing radiation is repaired by __
tropomyosin
tropomyosin
I
calcium
smooth muscle
phosphorylated
AD MutS/MutL daughter nick backwards delta ligase
NER
end joining
Tx PVS w __
Klinefelter syndrome has hyalinization of __ w dec inhibin
_ cells are dysfxn, dec testosterone
LH/FSH are high, along w __ leading to gynecomastia
Pt does not have __
in __, sertoli cells damaged but leydig cells are normal
___ are produced by hypothalamus to act as chaperone for O/V
point mutation in __ impairs transport/packaging of ADH thus leading to AD HH DI
high __ leads to melanin synthesis
PV due to __ mutation in JAK2
makes hematopoetic cells more sensitive to __
EPO LEVELS ARE __
iron supplements
sertoli cells
leydig
aromatase
sperm
cryptorchidism
neurophysins
neurophysin 2
hereditary hypothalamic
MSH
V617F
growth factors
LOW
Coag Neg Staph produce polysaccharide __ to adhere to prosthesis
confirmed when same __ is recovered from several blood culture bottles
most CoNS are __ due to mutated PBP
can switch to __ if methicillin sensitive
almost none are sensitive to _
Sporothrix is __ fungus that enters break of skin
spreads via __ to ulcerate w granuloma formation
tx w __
\_\_ is for elderly, US citizens or \_\_ like ESRD/ALS Part a for _, Part B for \_\_ Part c for _, part d for \_\_ \_\_ is state run for homeless/undoc, low income, pregnant
slime organism METHICILLIN RESISTANT Nafcillin/oxacillin penicillin
dimorphic
lymphatics
itraconazole
medicare debilitating disease inpatient, outpatient capitation, pharmacy medicaid
blue neoplasm under skin is__ or melanoma
glomangioma is tumor of modified __
these glomus bodies are __ organs in dermis of nail/pad of finger/toe
composed of __ connected to muscular AV anastamosis and efferent vein
role is in __ to shunt away in cold temps or dilate w heat dissipation
_ is a tumor of cells in lymph drainage
occur __ in head, neck, axilla
endothelium lined __ space
__ is tumor of APC w erythematous plaques, nodules in skin
oxybutinin antags __ receptor in bladder smooth muscle
dec release of __ thus leads to relaxation
use __ blockers to induce relaxation of SM in bladder neck/prostate
globus smooth muscle sensory affarent arteriole thermoregulaion
lymphangioma
subepidermal
lymph
langerhans cell histiocytosis
M3
IP3/Ca
A1 blockers
M1 receptor in brain for \_\_ formation and cognition block leads to \_\_ M2 receptor in \_\_ leads to dec \_\_/\_\_ blocker inc _/_
urethral folds in female form __
in male, form __ of penis and penile raphe (ventral wall)
abnormal fusion thus leads to __
genital tubercle forms __ in males and _ in females
faulty opening leads to __ in males
labioscrotal folds form /
_ is motor/sensory to perineum
comes from S2-S4 bw / muscles of GSF
reenters near __ to innervate external genitals/anus
innervates PF muscles and _ urethral/anal sphincters
vulnerable to __ injury esp in labor
leads to __ and fecal/urinary incont, pain, sex probs
memory confusion heart HR/contractility heart rate/CO
ventral aspect
hypospadias
penis, glans clitoris
epispadias
scrotum, labia majora
pudendal nerve piriformis/coccygeus ischial spine external stretch weakness
__ occurs during fetal descent due to compression of lumbosacral trunk
presents w __
sudden onset back/radicular pain after epidural is __
primary hyperPTH due to Parathyroid __
leads to hypercalcemia and hyper__
hypo__ due to dec absorption in PT
subperiosteal thinning of __ bone in appendicular skeleton
see __ in phalanges w salt/pepper skull, w osteolytic cysts in __ (OFC)
lab values are -_ in PDB
lumbosacral plexopathy
foot drop/paresthesias
epidural hematoam
adenoma calciuria phosphate cortical erosions long bones
normal
initiation phase of ATN due to __ as renal tubular damage begins
maintanence phase has __ w fluid overload and hyperK met acidosis
GFR __ as creatinine rises
see tubular epithelial __ w casts of degenerating __
recovery due to __ of tubules
tubular cells recover __ resulting in polyuria w lost electrolytes (poor conc)
most recover __
if assc w multiorgan failure, foci of __ seen on micro
cardio pulm edema due to inc filtration of __ water/electrolytes
designated as __
exudative has plasma water/ions w / in inflammation
hemosiderin containing macros seen in alveoli of __
pt w history of __ can have CTS due to deposited B2 microglobulin
hypotension oliguria falls denuding, debris re-epithelialization slower completely interstitial fibrosis
plasma
transudative
plasma proteins/leukocytes
chronic left heart failure
dialysis
endoneural arteriole hyalinization occurs in __ w distal peripheral polyneuropathy
__ is abrupt stoppage of cardiac activity w CV collapse
usually due to __ in 48hrs after MI due to electrical instability/lack of perfusion
__ seq is upstream of initiation codon in prokaryotes to form initiation complex
energy provided to bind 50s subunit to complex comes from __
AG cause genetic code misreading and impaired __
fmet-tRNA binds to __
Vanc also causes __ but directly inhibs peptidoglycan synthesis
use __ + Pen/Vanc to tx enterococcal endocarditis
__ disrupts bacterial membrane to cause ion leakage and disrupted depolarization
SE is M/R
diabetes mellitus
sudden cardiac death
Vfib
shine delgarno seq
GTP
translocation
P site
ototoxicity
Aminoglycosides
daptomycin
myopathy, rhabdo
Chronic venous insuff has overactive __ leading to inc permeability and ulceration
keloid due to excess __, fibroblasts/myofibroblasts in disorg fashion
__ in hypertrophic scar
Hemostasis has vaso__ and platelet agg
Inflam phase of wond healing has / migration w removal of debris
Proliferative phase occurs until wk __
see __ of collagen and endothelial cells w __
wound __ occurs
maturation phase has __ formation w inc strength
inflammatory response
collagen
parallel
constriction PMN/macro 3 granulation tissue, neovasc contracture connective tissue
