Friday Wk 4 Mixed 2 Flashcards

1
Q

ciliated mucosal epithelium goes from trachea to __, but are not present in alveolar ducts
must be found beyond __ cells in order to prevent mucus accumulation/airflow obstruction

Goblet cells/mucus/serous glands are not present in respiratory __

alveolar macrophage activation releases __ and GF for PDGF/IGF
stimulates fibroblasts to produce __ leading to IPF

Malaria parasite enters blood and travels to __
lysing of hepatocytes release __ into blood
leads to RBC lysis and cyclical ___
P vivax/ovale can establish a __ infection of hypnozoites

__ can eradicate sensitive plasmodia
no actvity against __ infections, thus must add Primaquine
tx resistant strains w M

A

terminal bronchioles
goblets

bronchioles

cytokines
collagen

liver
merozoites
fever
latent

Chloroquine
latent forms
Mefloquine

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2
Q

Acyclovir is eliinated via glomerular __ and tubular secretion
when conc exceeds __, crtalizatin/damage can occur

DNA__ is epigenetic process that adds methyl groups to Cytosine-Guanine repeats to silence trxn
___ syndrome is CGG repeat w excessive repeats and therfore methylation
also useful in genomic __

Somatomedin C aka __

hypoketotic hypoglycemia indicates defect in fatty acid __
uses Acyl CoA __ to produce FADH2/NADH and acetyl coa

Major NT of depression are __/__

A

filtration
solubility

methylation
Fragile X
imprinting

IGF1

B oxidation
dehydrogenase

Serotonin/NE

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3
Q

Warfarin inhibits E__
may lead to transient __ state as Factor 7/protein C are affected most
risk is microvascular __ and skin necrosis

HIT is IgG antibodies against heparin bound __ leading to thrombosis/thrombocytopenia

LAD2 has impaired fxn of __ carb ligands that prevents selectin binding

LAD 3 has impaired __ signaling preventing interaction w integrins

Wiskott-Aldrich has prob w leuk/platelets reorganizing the __
inherited __
IgM/IgG are low to __
IgE and IgA are __

Extrinsic causes of Restrictive lung dz has __ DLCO

A

epoxide reductase
occlusion

PF4

siaylated

cytokine

actin cytoskeleton
XLR
normal
high

normal

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4
Q

Lesser omentum has __ triad and lymphatics/hepatic plexus
right/left gastric arteries/veins lie in __ where LO attaches to stomach

Falciform ligament contains __ ligament from umbilical vein

__ ligament is cut to access pancreas/posterior stomach in surgery

PT reabsorbs electrolytes, glucose, AA and _ is rebsorbed passively
thus, tubular fluid remains __

THICK AND THIN ASCENDING LOOPS OF HENLE ARE __ to water
vasopressin can act on late __ and cortical/medullary collecting ducts to influence water reabsorption

A

portal
layer

round

gastrocolic

water
isotonic

IMPERMEABLE
distal tubule

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5
Q

__ nerve runs through posterior triangle of neck
__ the scapula, rotate up and stabilize shoulder
damage leads to impaired abduction __ horizontal

levator scapulae innervated by C3/C4 and dorsal __ nerve
elevates __ and raises medial border

damage to LTN of serratus anterior leads to impaired abduction/winging but not __ droop

Huntington disease has low __/__ and high ___

Embryonic Hb prodxn occurs in __
Fetal Hb prodxn occurs in L/S

A2D2 is HbA2 and is present in __

A

Accessory
elevation
above

scapular
scapula

shoulder

Ach, Gaba, Dopa

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6
Q

P__ caused by acute bacterial/viral infection
RF include D, I and anticholinergics/calculi
parotid gland secretes __ and will thus be high

avoid __ artery when placing central line

Autoclave may be \_\_
alcohol denatures proteins and \_\_
not \_\_
Chlorhexidine denatures _ and disrupts cell membranes
not \_\_

H202 oxidizes __
S__
Iodine __ DNA/RNA/protein
may be __

A

parotitis
dehydration, intubtion
amylase

femoral

sporicidal

cell membranes
sporicidal
proteins
sporicidal

free rads
sporocidal

halogenates
sporocidal

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7
Q

Lyme dz presents w local __
then progresses to __/__ system involvement
if untreated, can lead to single __ arthritis and subacute enceph
tx facial palsy/disseminated dz w __

conditions w dec LV compliance have inc LV __ but same volume
seen in R__ cardiomyopathy
T__ is protein to carry thyroxine and retino
if it misfolds, it infiltrates the heart as __ protein

Selenium def leads to __ HF

AV node is located near septal leaflet of __ and orifice of __
used to ablate __

ablate A flutter at isthmus bw __ and tricuspid annulus

SA node is located in RA near opening of __

A

rash
CNS/cardio
knee joint
ceftriaxone

EDP
restrictive
transthyretin
amyloid

systolic

TCV, coronary sinus

A fib

IVC

superior vena cava

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8
Q

dystrophic calcification occurs in all types of __ w normal calcium levels
due to endothelial/fibroblast death from chronc __

secretory __ is major antibody assc w mucosal immunity
B cells in mesenteric __ and PP activated and migrate to LP
become plasma cells and synthesize IgA linked by __
these bind to pIgR on epitheial cells and undergo t__ to be released in lumen

this response best occurs when __ surfaces are stimulated by antigen
such as w __ vaccine

A

necrosis
hemodynamic stress

IgA
LN
J chains
transcytosis

mucosal
live attenuated

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9
Q

pt on high dose CS w low albumin levels may lead to __ abnorms
depletes __ cells more than b cells
result in osteoporosis by dec __

Gastrulation occurs in wk __ of development
forms a primitive __ w thickened epiblast layer that grows cranially
as they form __ cells, adhesion is lost, and epiblast cells migrate downward to form M/E

some epiblast cells migrate through primitive node to form N__
induces overlying ectoderm to form N and neural plate, which becomes neural tube/cc

Autonomic, sensory, celiac ganglia, pia/arachnoid, Endocushioons/aorticopulm septum, branchial arches all made of __

A

neuropsych
T cells
bone formation

3
streak
mesenchymal
mesoderm/endoderm

notochord
neuroectoderm,

NCC

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10
Q

children w febrile illness tx w salicylates gets __
hepatic failure and E__
especially in __ infected cells leading to mito dysfxn

Hepatic dysfxn leads to Vomiting and H__
inc /// and prolonged PT/PTT
light microscopy shows microvesicular __ w out inflamm
may have dec __ and low glycogen w cell swelling
Enceph due to high __ levels

PBC shows bile duct destrxn, granulomas, and bile duct __

A

Reye syndrome
encephalopathy
virally

hepatomegaly
AST/ALT/bilirubin/Ammonia
steatosis
mitochondria
ammonia

proliferation

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11
Q

peroxisomes degrade __/__ that cannot undergo mitochondrial degredation
w defect, fatty acids build and cause __ dysfxn

Z__ syndrome is defect w wide cranial sutures, large AF, HM, and neuro defects

X linked adrenoleukodystorphy has defetive transport of __ to peroxisomes
presents w __ sx and adrenal insufficiency

L__ degrade cell debris/pathogens
P__ degrade ubiquinted proteins
__ for drug detox and lipid synth

A

VLCFA, BCFA
neurologic

zellwegger syndrome

VLCFA
neurologic

lysosomes
proteosomes
SER

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12
Q

myxomatous deg in media indicates cystic medial _
leads to __ of elastic tissue and separating elastic/fibromuscuar components

hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, atypical keratinocytes seen in __
does not enter __

PMN in stratum corneum w perivasc lymph infiltrates is __

Brown gallstones = __
black gallstones = __
radiopaque due to presence of __ and are seen on Xray

L__ is obtained from rat urine and causes extreme redness of conjunctiva
w jaundice/azotemia from liver/kidney dz, become W__ disease

A

necrosis
destruction

AK
dermis

psoriasis

infection
hemolysis/enterohepatic recirc
Ca carbonate

Leptospirosis

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