Saturday Wk 4 Mixed Flashcards
type 4 collagen is present in ___
Type 2 collagen is C, V and N
Type 3 collagen is seen in Skin, lungs, intestives, blood vessels and G__ tissue of Spleen, LN, BM
0-4hrs after MI, __ happens
4-12 hrs, wavy fibers w narrow, elongated M__
12-24 hrs after hyperE__ w pyknotic sunken nuclei
1-3 days has C__ necrosis and predominant PMN infiltrate
3-7 days, disintegration of dead __/__
M__ infiltrate
7-10 days- phagocytosis of dead cells by__ w early formation of granulation tissue
2wks + has progressive __ deposition
basement membrane
cartilage, vitreous humor and nucleus pulposus
granulation
nothing myocytes eosinophilia coagulative PMN, myocytes macros macrophages type 1 collagen
TCA overdose presents w Mental Status changes and S\_\_ w RDS sinus tachycardia and H\_\_ Prolonged \_\_/\_\_ on ECG arrhythmias and anticholinergic SE due to blockage of fast \_\_ channels
wide QRS and ventricular arrhythmias need __ tx
this inc pH, favors the neutral drug preventing TCA from binding the __ channel
__ overdose has CNS depression w normal vitals
F__ is antidote
absence seizures are __ to stimulation
simple A__ present
easily provoked by H__
pt has no __ period
__ sequence is necessary for translation in eukaryotes
must have __ 3 bases upstream of start codon
seizures
hypotension
QRS, QT
Na
NaHCO3
fast sodium
benzo
flumenazil
unresponsive
automatisms
hyperventilation
post ictal
kozak
purine
__ and GTP is necessary to advance translocation
B thalassemia due to dec B globin chain __
IL1 is released by m__ for PMN/macrophage migration and sx of fever
Il 2 released by __ cells
inc T cells, as well as __/__ activity and B cell growth
IL6 is released by M__ to stimulate B/T cell growth
inc activity of O__ and acute phase reactants
__ is enzyme converting Glucose 1 phos to Galactose 1 phosphate using UDP
tx by switching to __ based formula
EF2
synthesis
macros
T cells
NK cells, macrophages
macros
osteoclasts
GALK
soy
Nonglucose monosaccharides G, M, F
only __ bypasses PFK, the RLS of glycolysis
Aldolase B then converts F1P to __ and ___
eventually forms G__ and shunted down glycolysis
MA serum has low _ and __ w inc pCO2
in DKA, CA works to __ HCO3 w protons
forms H2CO3 and dissociates into __/__
inside cells, CA then reforms H2CO3 and it breaks down to __/__
this HCO3 is transported across the basement membrane and into ___
Protons are highly __ by distal nephron H/K ATPase
kidneys then greatly inc __/__ secretion to act as buffer, combining w H+ to aid in absorption
Galatose, mannose, fructose
Fructose
DHAP, G3P
G3P
pH, HCO3 reabsorb H2O, CO2 H, HCO3 circulation
excreted
NH3/H2PO4
Most physical sx of THC are __ and __
Arcuate nucleus releases D, G, G
Paraventricular nucleus releases A, C, T
Supraoptic releases A, O
Suprachiasmatic regulates the __
H/A/G inc gastric acid secretion
Prostaglandins __ secretion
__ is only one that promotes PC hyperplasia/rugal fold enlargement
M__ disease is excess prodxn of TGFA, which normally stimulates epithelial cell growth
causes hypo__ of parietal/chief cells w glandular atrophy/dec GA secretion
tachycardia, conjunctival injection
dopamine, GHRH, GnRH
ADH, CRH, TRH
ADH, oxytocin
circadian rhythm
histamine, Ach, gastrin
dec
Gastrin
Menetrier
plasia
infant w delayed motor development and flaccid paralysis has S__
caused by mutation in S__ gene for assembly of snRNPs in __ cells of lower motor neurons
cleave at __ site, and join to __ site on 3’ end
HBx enters host genomes to inc synthesis of __/__
may suppress __ and cell cycle regulation in host cells
__ tumors of ovary produce HCG
pelvic fracture w inability to void, blood at urethral meatus and boggy prostate indicate __ injury
most commonly occurs in __ urethra near membranous portion
prostatic is protected by _
straddle injury seen in B__ urethral segment
do not place __
spinal muscular atrophy
SMN1 gene
anterior horn
GU, AG
IGF2, IGF1 Receptor
p53
germ cell
urethral posterior prostate bulbous foley catheter
Pertuss is gram neg C__
P__ promotes adherence to the respiratory epithelium
cytotoxin allows tissue __
Pertussis toxin causes excess __ activity impairing phagocytosis and allowing survival
C__ is ability of lung/chest to expand in response to inc pressure
to compensate, obese indivs have high __ and reduced TV (rapid shallow breathing)
obesity is indicated w low __, thus reducing FRC
all other values should be __
comp of total myocardial ischemia is cessation of aerobic __ and initiation of anaerobic glycolysis
due to depletion of __, allowing toxic lactate to build
depletion leads to dec contractility w/in __
upon restoration of flow, myocardial __ results in dysfunction w contractility gradually returning
coccobacillus
pertactin
destruction
AC
compliance
RR
ERV
modestly low
glycolysis
ATP
seconds
stunning
AP can cause anti-__/__/__ SE
all mothers w HIV must have __ tx
avoid E__ in first 8 wks
P, X, O are alpha adrenergic agonists that constrict vessels of nasal mucosa
over time, leads to T__ w dec prodxn of NE from nerve terminals due to NF
known as rebound __ w vasodilation and exacerbation of sx
may use E__ as indirect adrenergic agonist
also assc w T__
PDA assc w metabolic __ and wide pulse pressures
may have signs of CV __
cholinergic/histaminergic/adrenergic
phentolamine, xylometalozaine, oxymetolazine
tachylplaxis
rhinorrhea
ephedrine
tachylplaxis
acidosis
strain
EPI ACTS ON __ More than __
NE acts on __ more than __
RIBAVIRIN inhibits __ in HCV
use __ in emergency tx of pt w CAD/ACS
testes derived from A__ connection in development, thus drain via __ LN
glans penis/clitoris drain in __ inguinal LN
majority of lymph (like scrotum) from lower body drains into __ inguinal LN
BETA, ALPHA
ALPHA, BETA
IMP DEHYDROGENASE
aortic
para-aortic
deep
superficial
first pharyngeal arch splits into __maxillary prominence and lower mandibular
fusion of 2 medial nasal prominences form the midline __ segment
this becomes P, 4 medial maxillary teeth, and primary __
L/R maxillary prominences fuse w MIS to form upper lip and primary __
if one prominence fails to fuse, __ cleft lip forms
if both fail to fuse, __ cleft lip forms
later, palatine __ grow medially to form secondary palate
thus fuses w __ palate, to form a complete palate
failure leads to cleft __
Pierre robin seq has M, posterior displacement of tongue, and U shaped __
Upper, lower intermaxillary philtrum, palate palate unilateral bilateral
shelves
primary
palate
micrognathia, cleft palate
affarent limb of pupillary light reflex needs R, optic nerve, optic chiasm, optic _ and pretectal nucleus
defect known as __ pupil
this leads to __ probs as nasal portion of retina has more input to pretectal nucleus
Monocular scotoma due to partial lesion of R__ or optic disk or optic __
due to macular __ or ON
Right anopia is lesion of right __
such as w artery/vein __
Aneurysm of Acomm could cause __
Optic tract can be damaged w occlusion to anterior __ artery
Optic radiation damaged w occlusion of __ branch or lesion of posterior IC
retina, tract
Marcus Gunn
contralateral
retina, nerve
degeneration
optic nerve
occlusion
bitemporal hemianopsia
choroidal
MCA
__ aka cachetin promotes appetite suppression in hypothalamus and inc basal metabolic rate
w age, leftward bowing of the IV septum leads to dec in LV chamber __
normal ureters enter bladder at __ angle
bladder __ urethra as it fills to prevent retrograde flow
if ureter enters more perpendicular, __ can occur
this leads to chronic __
scarring occurs in upper/lower poles as compound papillae are always __
this leads to injury/dilation w loss of __ and secondary HTN
Posterior urethral valves are malformation of __ ducts, thus only present in males
TNFA
size
oblique compresses reflux pyelonephritis open nephrons
wolffian
MCDK has ureteric bud that fails to induce metaneprhic __
nonfxnal kidney w cyst and __
if bilateral, presents w __ sequence
Bifurcation of __ before entering metanephric blastema leads to bifid ureter
high risk of __ reflux and uti
ARPKD is cystic dilation of __
assc w congenital __ fibrosis
Medullary cystic dz has tubulointerstitial __ and renal insufficiency
cannot __ urine
see S__ kidneys on ultrasound
mesenchyme
CT
Potter
ureteric bud
vesicoureteral
collecting system
hepatic
fibrosis
concentrate
shrunke
