Friday Wk 5 Mixed 1 Flashcards
cocaine inhibits presynaptic __ of monoamines
look for HTN/tachycardia/mydriasis and A/S
see myocardial ischemia due to coronary artery __ and platelet aggregation
mucosal atrophy and nasal septal perforation due to __
M__ can block tyrosine hydroxylase, thus stopping catecholamine synthesis
R__ blocks monoamine entry into vesicles
use __ osmotic diuretic for cerebral edema/inc ICP
promotes water redistribution into __ and tubular lumen
SE include HA, NV, and volume __/hypernatremia
may lead to __ w volume overload as water is drawn to plasma
see met acidosis and hyper__ and must be avoided in CHF/pulm edema
reuptake
agitation, seizures
vasospasm
vasoconstriction
metyrosine
reserpine
Mannitol plasma depletion pulm edema kalemia
DMD has varied muscle fiber / and regeneration w inc CT
see calf __ initially due to proximal muscle weakness
later becomes F and weakening of paraspinal muscles leads to kyphoscoliosis
GVHD leads to rash on / first
then __ involvement and pain
can occur w BM transplant, organ w lots of lymphocytes, or nonirradiated __
__ seq has pulm hypoplasia and facial/LE anomalies
due to __ anomaly w dec urine output
bilateral __ is common
lack of amniotic fluid leads to __ and lack of alveolar distension
MCC of death is __ failure
PSGN has leuk infiltration w endothelial/mesangial __
due to __ complement activation
shape/size
hypertrophy
fibrofatty
palms/soles
GI
blood products
potter renal agenesis compression respiratory
proliferation
alternative
HMO req pt to __ first, get referral, and can deny services
payments are __
POS has similar req but can see providers __ network
this, premium is __
PPO is most __ but costs more
no PCP is __
pt w factitious disorder is __ of problem, and tries to stop
lack awareness as to __
buspirone has __ thus is not useful in acute anx/panic episodes
partial agonist of __ receptor
Biologic response modifiers try to induce __ to overcome disease
__ cytokine can be used to activate/differentiate T cells
used for R/M
CFTR opens when 2 __ molecules bind
cAMP gated channels occur in P/O receptors
PCP smallest outside higher flexible necessary
aware
why
slow onset of action
5HT1A
immune system
IL2
RCC, melanoma
ATP
photoreceptor, olfactory
__ is produced from PGH2 on endothelium
aids in vaso__ and inhibits platelet aggregation
in balance w __, which is tipped toward TXA2 w damage to endothelium
HAGEMAN FACTOR IS FACTOR __
PROTEIN C IS PRODUCED BY __
DKA triggered by __ w inc potassium in urine
due to glycosuria induced __ diuresis and aldosterone sec
thus total body/intracellular K is __
extracellular K is __ due to lost IC water, causing osmolarity to rise and K to go to ECF
lack of insulin also causes __ shift of K
Insulin/B receptors cause __ shift of K
prostacyclin
dilation
thromboxane A2
12
liver
infection osmotic DEC normal/high extracellular
intracellular
Schistosomiasis transmitted by __ snails
penetrate __ and travel to liver
SJ/M migrate to __ venules
SH migrates to __ venous plexus
mature w suckers, and release eggs that can be released in __ or lodge in liver
SH pierce / walls and enter urine
this is a __ granuloma response
high Eosin/M2 macros leads to fibrosis/__ of bladder/ureter/bowel
look for periportal __ fibrosis
Urinary form: terminal / and freq urination
see hydro__ and pyelonephritis w SCC of bladder
Intestinal: D/ab pain and __ w Fe def anemia
Hepatic: __ w fibrosis and portal HTN
__ is irregular, UO quadrant breast mass
see __ w involvement of suspensory/cooper ligaments
due to F/T on skin
Peau d orange due to __ w erythema, invaded lymph spaces
spreads directly to __
freshwater skin mesenteric bladder feces ureter/bladder Th2 ulceration pipestem hematuria/dysuria nephrosis ulceration HSM
invasive breast carcinoma
dimpling
fibrosis/traction
inflammatory breast carcinoma
dermis
organisms w ESBL transfer resistance genes via __
Pseudo has mutated __ for resistance to A/P
Staph aureus alters __ to cause resistance
__ activates macros, inc MHC expression, and promotes Th1 diff
released by __/__
can use __ to measure Tb exposure
do not react w __ and do not require follow up
thymine dimers require NER __ to repair
this is deficient in __
normally cuts out single strand, and is filled in by P/L
__/__/__ produced by macros responsible for septic shock
early stage has high _, peripheral _ and warm extremities
later, SV/CO __ and hypoperfusion develops
plasmid
porin
PBP
INFG
NK cells/T cells
IFNG release assay
BCG vaccine
endonuclease
XP
polymerase, ligase
IFNG, IL1, IL6
CO, vasodilation
dec
acute MR has high _ pressure w pulm edema developing
this inc blood volume to _
incompetent mitral valve forms low resistance pathway for __ thus LV afterload is __
together, EF is __ but forward stroke volume dec
results in hypoTN and __
over time, LV/LA enlarges e__
maintains forward __ but becomes problematic, w inc wall stress
decompensated, forward SV __ and pulm edema forms
MN found in bw BB and __ muscle
then humeral/ulnar heads of _ muscle
then travels bw / muscles to reach FR
__ nerve enters coracobrachialis and found bw BB/brachialis
LA LV (preload) bloodflow dec high cardiogenic shock
eccentrically
SV
dec
brachialis
pronator teres
FDS/FDP
musculocutaneous
S4 is sign of __ dysfxn
atrial contracts against stiff, __ ventricle
systolic anterior motion of mitral valve is __
transport of ornithine into mito uses ornithine \_\_ def can leads to _ defect w hyperammonemia tx w _ restriction
febrile illness w poor bone marrow response/reticulocyte release is __ crisis
usually due to __ infection
Acne- keratinization of __ w formation of keratin plug
__ of sebaceous gland w excess prodxn
colonization via __
bacterial hydrolysis of __ and release of FFA
MEROCRINE glands release products via __
think S/E/A
APOCRINE SWEAT glands secrete __(mammary gland)
HOLOCRINE causes cell __ and release of all contents
diastolic
NONCOMPLIANT
HCM
translocase
urea cycle
protein
aplastic
parvo B19
hair follicles
hypertrophy
P acnes
TG
exocytosis
salivary, eccrine/apocrine sweat
membrane bound vesicles
lysis
Calcium requires _ enviro for absorption
thus, long term __ can dec Ca levels
anticonvulsants that induce p450 may inc VD __
Cyanotic congenital HD may cause failre of platelet __ in pulm circuits
leads to megakaryocytes releasing __/__ in nails
promotion of vasculatiry w PGE2 then leads to __
__ lung cancer esp assc w clubbing
use __ to eval assc bw 2 qualitative values
use __ for 2 quantitative variables
use __/__ for quantitative dependent variable
acidic
PPI
catabolism
fragmenting
PDGF/VEGF
digital clubbing
large cell lung cancer
Aortic stenosis has soft __ due to dec mobility of valve
heart cannot inc __ leading to pulm vasc congestion, SOB, lightheadedness
in developed nations, __/__ are most common causes of thickening/degen
in developing nations, __ leads to fusion of commissures (usually w MV)
myxomatous degen on MV is __
bone specific ALP is __ by heat
also differentiate via __ and electrophoresis
TRAP and urine h_ can measure osteoclasts, not well though
use urine D__ which normally cross links collagen
lymph from superior bladder goes to __ nodes
lymph from inferior bladder goes to __ nodes
S2
CO
calcific degen, BAV
Rheumatic heart disease
MVP
denatured
antibodies
hydroxyproline
deoxypyrinidoline
external iliac
internal iliac
__ is germ cell tumor w more than 1 germ layer
look for H/S/T tissues
immature chorionic villi can be seen in _ preg
enlarged, sclerotic ovarian follicles indicates __
__ type ALL can have large anterior mediastinal mass w SVC syndrome
may compress E/T as well
translocation __ is good prog
acute megaryoblastic leukemia can be seen in __
translocation __
sterile, platelet rich thrombi of MV is __ endocarditis
assc w advanced _ and APS/SLE/DIC
think __ adenocarcinoma
cytokines cause endothelial damage w ___ deposition
see fibrin and __ cells
easily __ and lead to infarct
teratoma
hair, skin, teeth
ectopic
PCOS
T cell
esophagus, trachea
12, 21
DS
1, 22
nonbacterial thrombotic malignancy mucinous platelet mononuclear dislodge
infarct in __ is rare due to dual blood supply via hepatic artery/portal vein
can occur w __ as collateral flow is disrupted
CNS is most __, followed by heart, Kidney, __ and liver
K/S are __ organs
excess phenylalanine inhibits __ leading to fair hair
serum creatitine is balance bw synthesis and excretion via __ and PT secretion
secretion/synthesis is __ thus GFR is major determinant
serum creatinine rises mightily when GFR is less than __
when GFR is normal, large dec produce __ change in creatinine
when GFR is low, small changes produce __ change in creatinine
every time GFR halves, creatinine __
Liver
transplant
susceptible, spleen
end arterial
tyrosinase
GFR
constant
60
small
large
doubles
