Saturday Wk 5 Mixed Flashcards

1
Q

Emphysema causes dec in FVC and inc TLC/RV due to destruction of infraalveolar __, dec elastic recoil, and airspace __

suspect urine contamination of UA is P__ or w atypical orgs
tx typical UTI w F/T

Only __ is responsive to insulin
w insulin release, GLUT 4 in / will translocate to surface and take glucose in

GLUT1 is transport in R/B
GLUT 2 in H/Panc beta cells, R and SI mucosa
Glut 3 in P/N
GLUT 5 transports __ in spermatocytes/GI tract
all of these are always on _

__ is new cases over specific period divided by people at risk at beginning of period, not counting death
carries no __ unlike incidence rate

disease specific mortality is _ due to cause/total op

A

walls, enlargement

polymicrobial
fluoro/TMP-SMX

GLUT4
SM/adipocytes

RBC, BBB
hepatocytes, renal tubules
placenta/neurons
fructose
cell membrane

cumulative incidence
unit

death

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2
Q

Wiskott Aldrich tetrad__
inheritance__
B/T cell dysfxn w extreme susceptibility to __ orgs
tx w __

endothelial __ forms NO from Arginine, NADPH and O2
inc cGMP activates __ to relax vasc smooth muscle
Dimethylarginine is endo __ of eNOS

Arginine and aspartate form \_\_
Glcyine/Succinyl CoA become \_\_
Gly/Arg/SAM becomes \_\_
Glutamate becomes \_\_/_
Gutamine/Aspartate become \_\_
Glu/Asp/Gly become \_\_

use structured __ to transfer patients

A

thrombocytopenia, eczema, recurrent infections
encapsulated
bone marrow transplant

NO synthase
PKG
comp antagonist

urea
heme
creatinine
GABA/glutathione
pyrimidines
purines

handoff

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3
Q

chronic cholecystitis can lead to __ gallbladder
see thick wall w uniform __
due to deposition of __ in muscularis/mucosa
inc risk of __ of GB

H band contains only __ and straddles M line
__ band is overlapped myosin/actin (always same length)
Z line links to __ in I band
both I/H bands __ in length during contraction

Half life eq
Css achieved in \_\_ HL
maintenance dose eq
Loading dose eq 
in pt w renal/hepatic dz, loading dose is _ but maintainence dose is dec

__ myocardium is most prone to ischemia as systole reduces blood flow

Overflow incont due to dec __ contractions or BOO
look for involuntary/continual urine __
often due to __ w lost ability to sense full bladder

A

porcelein
calcification
calcium salts
adenocarcinoma

myosin
A
thin filaments
dec

.7*Vd/Cl
4-5

CssCLT/F
Vd*Css/F
unchanged

subendocardial

detrusor
leakage
diabetes autonomic neuropathy

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4
Q

NPH/Spinal cord diseases lead to __ incontinence

__ is compression of lower trunk of BP above 1st rib/clavicle
sx include arm W/N/T
swelling w __ obstruction
pain w __ obstruction
usually found around __ triangle w BP/Subclavian artery
can occur w extra __ or scalene anomay

__ syndrome due to duodenum getting trapped bw SMA/aorta
can present like __
due to dec mesenteric __, lordosis and correction of __

mosaicism is due to __ abnormalty causing dz
if confined to __, it will not show sx but can be passed on

screen for __ episodes before prescribing SSRI

A

urge

TOS
weakness, numbness, tingling
Subclavian vein
subclavian artery
scalene
rib

SMA
SBO
fat, scoliosis

SOMATIC
germline

manic episode

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5
Q

RSV presents w catarrhal phase followed by H/W and retractions/tachypnea

perform __ to evaluate for suspected bacterial meningitis

use M/S to abort acute migraine
T/BB/V/C for migraine prophylaxis
100% oxygen to abort __
V__ for prophylaxis

use __ stain to see P jiro
inhaled into _ space in pt w impaired CMI

opening snap of MS caused by sudden __ of MV when LV pressure falls below LA pressure
__ of snap indicates severity

D/P are major components of surfactant

A

hypoxemia, wheezes

LUMBAR PUNCTURE

metoclopromide, sumatriptan
valproate/BB/CCB/topiramate
cluster HA
verapamil

silver

opening
timing

dipalmatidyl phosphatidylcholine
phosphatidyl glycerol

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6
Q

androgen use leads to __ release w inc HCT
can dec __ secretion leading to teste atrophy
also see V/A/H/A/D of voice
may have premature __ closure

drugs that slow depolarization from AV node lead to elongated __ interval
such as __ blockers that slow atrial contraction

__ is anticholinergic to prevent bronchoconstriction
enhances __ of B2 agonist
dec __ release in asthma/COPD

F__ is inhaled CS that is a preferred prophylactic drug

tx BB overdose w __

Benzo/barbs/Inhaled anesthetics act on __ receptors
can lead to __ depression w dec CO/hypoTN
__ depressants that dec TV and inc CO2
also suppress __ clearance leading to atalectasis
use S/H as they bronchodilte
inc flow to __ thus inc ICP
__ GFR, RPF, hepatic flow w inc renal vasc resistance

A

EPO
gonadotropin
virilization, acne, hirsutism, aggressiveness, deepening
epiphyseal

PR
beta blockers

Ipratropium
bronchodilation
mucus

flunisolide

glucagon

GABA
myocardial
respiratory
mucociliary
sevoflurane/halothane
brain
dec
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7
Q

S/G/C are enzymes that convert ROS to water/O2
can be overwhelmed in __ state, thus leading to cell injury/death

__ is virus that has hemagglutinin (adhesion) and matrix protein (assembly)
SSPE due to mutated/absent _ protein that prevents mature virus from forming
continues to __, w accumulation of nucleocapsids forming intranuclear inclusions/inflam/demyelination/glisosi
look for __ in serum/CSF

Progressive supranuclear palsy is neurodegen of __ and frontal subcortical white matter
form of __ w gait dysfxn, falls, lost executive fxn, and __ gaze palsy

dystrophin gene located at __ of X chromosome
component of ___ to link actin cytoskeleton to transmembrane proteins

__ is due to mutation in genes for myelin synthesis
see distal muscle __ and sensory loss, w calf atrophy

A

superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase
postischemic

measles
matrix
replicate
oligoclonal measles antibodies

midbrain
parkinsons
vertical

p21
sarcolemma

Charcot marie tooth
weakness

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8
Q

SAH can have __ in meninges as irritant
no focal __ findings present
perform __ first, then LP if needed

GCA is __ mediated response
assc w __ aortic aneurysm
see __ inflam w intimal thickening, elastic lamina fragmenting, and giant cell formation

Methyltestosterone converted to D__ to stimulate follicular hyperprolif and sebum overprodxn
other causes of acne is _ inhibs and Lithium

A

blood
neurologic
noncontrast CT

T cell
thoracic
granulomatous

dihydrotestosterone
EGFR

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9
Q

hepB has __ protein core w lipid bilayer composed of proteins/carbs
partially __ circular DNA is released to nucleus
becomes full DS that is transcribed to __
RT then forms __/__ and DNA is taken into capsid to form new virion

atherosclerosis begins w endothelial __ and dysfxn w inc leuk adhesion
focal intimal __ and lipid acculuation
__ adhesion w formation of LLM
release of __ by platelets/macros/endo cells
recruits __ cells and proliferates smooth muscle
over time, becomes __ cap

A

hexagonal
double stranded
mRNA
DNA/protein

injury
thickening
monocyte
growth factors
t cells
fibrous
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10
Q

ovary bound to uterus via _
IP ligament aka __ ligament connects ovary to ab wall
contains ovarian //_
can be come obstructed in __
twisting w mass leads to __ and edema/ischemia

__ ligament holds repro tissues anterior/posterior and attaches uterus to __ sidewall

__ ligament maintains anteflexion of uterus
runs through __ ring and can be affected w stretching
__ ligament connects uterus/sacrum
important in preventing __ into vagina

A
utero-ovarian ligament
suspensory
nerve, artery, vein
torsion
torsion

broad
pelvic

round
inguinal
uterosacral
prolapse

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11
Q

__ is mc vasc tumor in adults
always on __ skin and composed of capillaries/venules

__ is dilated vasc space w thin endothelial cells
in brain/visxera, assc w __
usually found in __ if on skin

__ is lymphatic cyst lined w endothelium

A

cherry hemangioma
superficial

cavernous hemangioma
vHL
dermis

cystic hygroma

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