Tues Wk 4 Mixed 1 Flashcards
Penicillin inhibits T__ due to structural similarity to D-ala-D-ala
V__ binds directly to those residues
splenic vein returns blood from spleen to __ system
child holding arm extended/pronated has __ subluxation
annular ligament slips over radius into __ joint
K is freely filtered across __ membrane, thus K conc in BS is equal to glomerular capillaries
Majority is reabsorbed in __
next most via __ LoF
transpeptidase
vancomycin
portal
radial head
radius
glomerular
PCT
thick ascending
with low K levels, reabsorption is stimulated by H/K ATPase in __ cells of CCT
normal or high K levels stimulate __ cells to secrete K via Na/K ATPase channels
this inc __ sec, promoting more Na retention
A__ also promotes K excreton in an attempt to save protons
also w volume __ that inc fluid flow thorugh distal tubule
Telomerase consists of telomerase reverse transcriptase __ and telomerase RNA __
synthesizes new __ DNA replacing lost end of telomeres
DNA polymerase 3 only has __ exonuclease activity
DNA poly 1 is allowed __ exonuclease activity
a intercalated
principal
Aldosterone
alkalosis
expansion
TERT, TERC
telomere
3’-5’
5’-3’
If RR is similar bw studies, indicates that design __ were not cause of difference
severe ear pain, pt w diabetes has __
look for __ tissue in ear canal
antifibrinolytic to stop plasminogen activators is A
elevated strep titers like anti __/__/__ seen in PSGN
looking for hypercellular __ w IgG, IgM, C3 deposition
EM shows __ humps
occurs via A/L pathway of complement
Cilastatin is given w __ to prevent renal tubular metabolism
inhibits d__ on brush border
flaws
MOE
granulation
Aminocaproic acid
DNAse B, streptolysin O, hyaluronidase
glomeruli
subepithelial
Iminpenem
dehydropeptidase
Use __ as surgical landmark for appendicitis
forms 3 longitudinal __ that travel and converge on appendix
Haustra can be seen on XRAY as __ appearance
__ nephropathy presents w mild inc creatitine, proteinuria, polyuria/nocturia, pyruia
concentrate in renal __ along medullary osmotic gradient to uncouple OP
results in chronic Interstital __
see patchy interstitial inflammation, fibrosis, tubular __ and papillary necrosis/scarring
also may see C__
vc of vasa recta then leads to __ papillary necrosis
taenia colie
bands
segmentations
analgesic tubules nephritis atrophy calcification ischemic
Fat embolism syndrome is acute onsent __ abnorms, hypoxemia and petechial rash
as fat travels to lungs, fat globules can escape via precapillary AV shunt and enter __
erythrocyte __ is reason for petechiae
IIH protrude through the __ inguinal ring
protrudes throuh __ inguinal ring into scrotum
Transversalis fascia lies deep to __ hernia
Coopers ligament is deep to __ hernia
neuro
CNS
extravasation
deep
external
II
femoral
Catabolism of essential AA V, I, M, T and odd chain fatty acids leads to propionyl CoA
in propionic acidemia, propionyl CoA __ is deficient, an PA builds up
presents w severe __, hypoglycemia and ketosis
poor __, FtT, vomiting
tx by limiting __
Inferior aspect of the heart is supplied by __
__/__ can colonize nasopharynx leading to meningitis
enters via T__ penetration of cerebral capillary endothelium
valine, isoleucine, methionine, threonine carboxylase MA feeding proteins
PDA
Nmen, S pneumo
transcellular
in MD/BD w psychotic features, psychotic sx occur exclusively __ mood episodes
In shizoaffective disorder, the psychosis occurs in __ of mood sx but mood sx must be present for most of illness
type 3 HS rxn has __ necrosis and PMN infiltration
deposition of IgM/IgG w hypo__
__ are major effector cells
can occur w __ antibodies
Type 2 HS rxn effectors are N/E/N/M
ex include autoimmne hemolytic __ and Goodpasture syndrome
G2 active antitumor substances include B/D to intercalate/form free radicals
during
absence
fibrinoid
complementemia
PMN
chimeric
NK cells, eosinophils, PMN, macrophages
anemia
Bleomycin, doxorubicin
Vinca alkaloids prevent mitochondiral chromosomes from __ and segregating into daughter cells
loss of BA in chrons dz leads to fats binding to __ ions
oxalate absorption is then __ w formation of oxalate kidney stones aka enteric __
Chrons comps- P__ and erythema nodosum
U/I
inc risk for C__
S4/S3 best heard over cardiac apex at __
aligning
Ca
inc
oxaluria
pyoderma gangrenosum
uveitis, irisitis
cholangiocarcinoma
end expiration
Adenosine stimulates __ to activate K channels to hyperpolarize the membrane
Class 1B Lidocaine, mexelitine, P__ have no effect on AP conduction velocity but shorten duration
BB slow __ node discharge
this slows __ node conduction and prolongs refractoriness
Amiodarone, Sotalol, dofetilide, D__ prolong APD
NDCCB slow __/__ node conduction and there prolong refractoriness
Nitrates dilate large __ more than smaller vessels
NDCCB/BB may _ coronary arteries and __ HR
A1
phenytoin
SA, AV
Dronendarone
SA, AV
veins
dilate, slow
eukaryotic flagella/cilia have central core called A__
anchored to cell via __ body
dynein contains __ to generate energy as microtubules slide past each other
peak of __ insulin occurs after postprandial peak, w inadequate control of __ following meals
due to __/__ formation which cause absorption delay
insulin __ has no peak due to crystallization
insulin ___ has fatty acid bound to allow slow dissociation
__ insulin has 18hr duration
axoneme
basal
ATPase
regular
BG
dimer/hexdimer
glargine
detemir
NPH
maneuvers that dec __ increase the intensity of HCM murmur
murmurs that inc afterload/preload will __ murmur
E__ is LMH that binds and activates AT3
direct thrombin inhibs include A, D, H, L, B
TCA cycle occurs in __ of cells
can form ATP via substrate lvel phosphorylation via __ CoA synthetase
Oxaloacetate uses GTP via __ to form phosphoenolpyruvte
Isocitrate/malate/Aketoglutarate dehydro all require __
preload/afterload
dec
enoxaparin
argatroban, digatroban, hepirudin/lepirudin, bivalirudin
mitochondria
succinyl
PEPCK
NAD+
pt w chronic fatigue, SOB, difficulty concentrating, inc pCO2 indicates __ syndrome
will have __ A-a O2 gradient, just like high altitude
RtL shunt, VQ mismatch, impaired diffusion will lead to __ A- a O2 gradient
granulomatous destruction of portal tract w macros/lymphs/eosinophils think __ in woman
mononuclear infiltrate, w ballooning deg and apoptosis of liver indicates __
diffuse inflam/fibrosis of large intra/extrahepatic bile duct w periductal concentric fibrosis indicates ___ in man
OHS
normal
increased
PBC
viral hepatitis
PSC
__ is several segments of intestine periodically contracting at same time w nonperistaltic movement
__ appearance on esophogram
leads to solid/liquid __ and chest pain, heartburn, regurg
due to impaired __ NT in esophageal myenteric plexus
think E__ esophagitis in pt w atopy
Diffuse esophageal spasm
corkscrew
dysphagia
inhibitory
eosinophilic
