Monday Wk 5 Mixed 3 Flashcards
L__ is dendritic cell in skin/MM
derived from __ line
Melanocytes migrate to __ layer of epidermis
intercalate bw cells to deliver __ from melanocytes to keratinocytes
__ event is unexpected death/physical injury needing immediate investigation
normal CFTR secretes __ and prevents ENaC from opening in nasal mucosa
in CF intestines/respiratory epithelia, pt has inc __ absorption and dec Cl sec
thus, lumen becomes more __ in nasal transepithelial difference
in sweat glands, CFTR promotes __/__ reabsorption
langerhans cell
myeloid
basal
melanosomes
sentinel
Cl
Na
negative
Cl, Na
__ is bacteria w metachromatic granules that stain w aniline dyes
B toxin binds __ receptor on cardiac/neural cells
Germ cell tumors of CNS located in __ gland of dorsal midbrain
cause obstructive __ w mass effect
may lead to __ syndrome of upward gaze palsy
HyperIgM is inherited __
Class switching of B cells occurs via __ to modify heavy chain region
due to mutation in CD40L on __
G__ is enzyme w low glucose affinity
allows it to fxn as __ mediating glucose entry into cells
Heterozygous mutation results in __ metabolism of glucose
see w mild hyperglycemia worse w __
Homozygous mutation results in growth __ and severe hyperglycemia
C diptheria
EGFR
pineal
hydrocephalus
Parinaud
XL recessive
splicing
T cells
glucokinase sensor dec pregnancy retardation
Homocysteine becomes __ via methionine synthase w B12 and MTHF
regenerated by __ enzyme and FAD as cofactor
can be transsulfurated to __ via CBS w B6
converted to __ via cystathionase w B6
mutation in MTHFR leads to __ that do not improve w VB6 supplementation
Leptin is released by large A__
dec release of __ by arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus
releases __ in arcuate nucleus
most obese individuals have high _ levels and become resistant to effects
as parietal cells are destroyed in pernicious anemia, pH __ as HCl cannot be secreted
methionine MTHFR cystathione cysteine thrombotic events
adipocytes
NPY
POMC
leptin
rises
panc enzymes released as __ into lumen
drain through __ to duodenum
enterokinase activates __ which further activates many other ezymes
this occurs in acute __ and can lead to necrotizing panc w parenchyma __ and bacterial infection
linkage __ occurs when alleles inherited together more/less often than expected
usually due to close __
Hereditary angioedema is __ inheritance w painless, nonpitting edema of face/organs
active __ and bradykinin inc w high C3a/C5a promoting vasodilatiom
ACE converts bradykinin to __ thus must be avoided in HA
C4 is substrate for __ and will be low due to C1 esterase def
zymogens
ampulla of vater
trypsin
pancreatitis, necrosis
disequilibrium
proximity
AD
kallikrein
metabolites
C1
VD3 formed via _ in skin
becomes 25OH VD via _hydroxylase in liver
w too much VD, converted to __ an inactive form by 24 hydroxylase
T/T/R are fibrin specific clot busters
use w/in 6hrs of __
contraindications are __/__ stroke, active __, BP>180/110, dissecting aneurysm
decelerating injuries of AA occur at __ tethered by Ligamentum arteriosum
__ nerve is sensory to pericardium, mediastinal/diaphragmatic pleura
thus, any process irritating these fibers can cause __ to shoulder (Kehr sign)
may have __ w spasmodic contraction against closed larynx
UV light
25
tPA, tenectalplase, ralteplase
MI
hemorrhagic, ischemic
bleed
aortic isthmus
phrenic
referred pain
hiccups
Contact precautions are for __/__ and C diff/Scabies
use __ hygiene and nonsterile gloves, G__ and private room
most common cause of RAS is atheromatous __ near origin of renal artery
atrophic kidney shows crowded __ w tubulointerstitial atrophy/fibrosis
tx septic shock by maintaining __ and fluids
ab against __ w proper ventilation and O2
ACL/PCL located in __ capsule of knee joint
melanoma cells form __ w irregular nuclei, clumped chromatin and prominent nucleoli
most important prognostic factor is __ depth from epidermal cell layer to deepest melanoma cells
Lentigo maligna has multinucleated giant __ and is precurosor to melanoma
MRSA/VRE
hand, gown
plaque
glomeruli
BP
organism
articular
nests
Breslow
melanocytes
Breast milk has sufficient nutrients except Vitamin /
exclusive breastfeeding, lack of sunlight, dark skin needs __ supplementation
preterm infants need__ as well
__ effect is tendency of subjects to change behavior when know they are being studied
__ effect is fact that researchers belief in efficacy can affect outcome
persistent __ duct occurs w complete failure of VD to close
see meconium discharge from _ after birth due to fistula
__ is fibrous band connecting tip of diverticulum to umbilicus
viteline sinus has patent portion open at __
Vitelline duct cyst forms w peripheral portions obliterating, but __ remains
becomes walled off by __ bands
D/K
VD
iron
hawthorne
pygmalion
vitelline umbilicus MD umbilicus center fibrous
Abacavir Hypersensitivity rxn is __ rxn in pt w HLAB 5701 allele
abacavir binds to molecule, altering presentation of __ to IS
leads to __ HS rxn w fever, malaise, GI upset and rash
congenital __ due to birth trauma or malposition in utero
see __ injury and fibrosis
may also have hip _ and metatarsus adductus and clubfoot
head is tilted toward __ side w chin pointed opposite
maternal HTN can lead to asymetric __ w normal head but small stomach
Digoxin may __ QT interval
allergic
self antigens
type 4
torticollis
SCM
dysplasia
affected
grow restriction
shorten
Mast cell activation occurs via T1 HS rxn or direct mast cell activator like O/V
leads to pruritis and U__
Excess bradykinin via __ inhibs and C1 Esterase def
no __/__
SE of isotrtinoin- T__, hyperlipidemia, dry skin, myalgia and P__
inhibit follicular epidermal __ allowing for expulsion
inc size of __ glands to stop sebum prodxn
__ is bacteria assc w tooth decay and cavities
adheres to __ aggregates on heart valves due to dextrans prodxn
opioids, vancomycin
urticaria
ACE
urticaria/pruritis
teratogen
psuedotumor cerebri
keratinization
sebaceous
viridans strep
fibrin-platelet
admin O2 to COPD exacebation leads to O2 induced __ w confusion and dec conciousness
due to __ mismatch
these pts have __ which constrict pulm arterioles to promote blood flow to higher ventilation areas
w inc O2, reversal results in inc __ w reduction in ventilation
substernal heaviness, pleuritic chest pain, Cough/SOB w/in 24hrs of O2 due to __ damage
__ malformation due to undereveloped posterior fossa
leads to cerebellum/medulla going through _
type 1 has low lying __ through FM into vertebral canal
pt presents w __ HA and ataxia
Type 2 has cerebellum/vermis __ displaced
leads to __ hydrocephalus w aqueductal stenosis
assc w lumbar __ w lower limb paralysis
hypercapnia
VQ
hypoxia
physiologic dead spce
ROS
chiari foramen magnum tonsils occipital downwardly noncommunicating meningomyelocele
HIV assc __ occurs w CD<200
fx of __ dementia as it affects subcortical/gray matter
due to inflammation of __ cells, as monocytes cross BBB and become macros
form __ nodules around necrosis and form giant cells
damage due to release of __ w toxic effects of HIV proteins
intranuclear basophilic inclusions seen in __ dz
encephalomalacia indicates __ dementia
Pick bodies seen in Pick dz aka __ dementia
look for progressive __ changes
dementia subcortical microgial microglia cytokines
CMV
vascular
frontotemporal
personality
CS used for asthma as they reduce __ extravasation and induce apoptosis of inflamm cells
MgSulfate inhibits __ influx into airway smooth muscle, resulting in bronchodilation
also reduces inflamm by stabilizing T cells and stopping __ degranulation
T__ is PDE inhib to inc cAMP for bronchodilation
communication should use __ style to prevent error
measure __/__ which have sensitivity for GCA first
leukocyte
Ca
mast cell
Theophylline
closed loop
ESR/CRP
Pneumaotis intestinalis has thin curvilinear areas of __ paralleling bowel lumen
seen w ab distension/bloody stool, dx is __
occurs in __ infants
bacteria in bowel proliferate w poor __ fxn
bacteria invade bowel wall w inflammation and ischemic __ of terminal ileum/colon
leads to formation of intramural __ collection
survivors at risk for __ and bowel obstruction due to fibrosis
lucency NEC premature immune system necrosis gas
strictures
