Saturday Wk 6 Mixed Flashcards
Well circumscribed fluid mass in pancreas is __
lactase nonpersistence is due to dec __ of gene
on petri dish, __ cells will from layer and pile to form mounds
this is due to lack of C/C meaning no CONTACT INHIBITION
Light microscopy w Jones Methenamine silver indicates __ dz
__ does not take up stain and appear pale
stool testing w cysts/trophozoites tht take up RBC is __
large number of oocysts is __
cysts/trophs w/out RBC but has foul smelling diarrhea is __
panc pseudocyst
EXPRESSION
MALIGNANT
cadherins, conectins
MN
immune complexes
Entamoeba
CRYPTO
Giardia
high AFP seen in __ NTD and __ wall defects or multiple gestations
low in __
esp think DS w low / and high /
failure of homologous chromos to seperate occurs in __ esp oogenesis
RFLP shows __ chromos
failure of sister chromatids to separate occurs in __
RFLP shows __ chromos
urea can only be absorbed in __ collecting duct
degree of lung __ has large effect on PVR
inc lung volume __ alveoli w stretching of vessels
inc length and reduces __ thus inc resistance
dec lung volumes cause extraalveolar veins/arteries to __ due to dec radial traction w inc resistance
PVR is sum of / resistance
is highest at / lung volumes, lowest at FRC
open, ventral
trisomies
estriol, AFP
BHCG, inhibin
meiosis 1
3
meiosis 2/mitosis
2 w one darker
medullary
distension expand diameter compress alveolar/extraalveolar LARGE, LOW
H, P, P are unidirectional glycolytic enzymes
bypassed w P/P, F, G
oxaloacetate must be shuttled from __ to cytosol w reformation of oxaloacetate
allergic contact derm is a type of __ w type 4 HS rxn
characterized by __
edema can lead to intraepidermal __ w lymphs/eosin
can progress to thickened SS __ or SC __ w plaques
look for __ description
GM is tumor of __ in frontal/temporal lobes/BG
crosses midline w N/H and is poorly demarcated
see __ necrosis w new vessels/small round/giant cells
Cyst w rare mitoses is __
found in __ ventricle
can lead to obstructive __
HCM is AD __ mutation in sarcomere genes
mutation in __ gene can lead to restrictive cardio
hexokinase, PFK, pyruvate kinase
Pyruvate carboxylase, PEPCK, F26Bisphosphatase, G6Pase
mitochondria
eczematous dermatitis SPONGIOSIS vesicles acanthosis, hyperkeratosis WEEPING
astrocytes necrosis, hemorrhage pseudopalisading colloid cyst 3rd hydrocephalus
missense
Transthyretin
AC that induce p450 inc VD __
Medroxyprog/Aromatase inhibs/GnRH agonists dec __ for osteoporosis
GC inc __ differentiation/activity
dec __ activity and synthesis of bone marrow
inhibit Ca __
major site of drug elim is __
major site of metabolism/transformation is _
hepatic eliminated drugs are highly __, w __ Vd
axillary nerve runs through __ space
superior is __, laterally is __
medially is __, and inferiorly is _
runs along __ of humerus to supply deltoid/teres minor
nacrolepsy isdue to low NT O__ hypocretin
tx w M__ a stimulant or amphetamines
supplement __ in measles
if low, leads to keratitis and corneal __
catabolism
estrogen
osteoclast, osteoblast
absorption
KIDNEY
LIVER
lipophilic, high
quadrangular
teres minor, humerus
long head of triceps, teres major
surgical neck
orexin
modafinil
Vitamin A
Malignant hyperthermia occurs after H/S use
inherited __ w defect in RR
w high release of Ca into cytoplasm, __ is consumed and generates heat
high temperatures damage __ w Rhabdo forming
sx include F, muscle __, tachycardia, HTN, hyper__ and M
osmotic sx of DM suggest BG is greater than __
use oral glucose tolerance test for /
gonadotroph adenomas usually produce inactive __ subunit thus only see mass effects
HS has abnormal __ 5maleimide binding test
supplement w __
MCHC is high due to __
Extravascular hemolysis is process where macros in _ clear RBC
most commonly seen in __
AIHA is _ hemolysis
halothane, succinylcholine AD ATP muscles rigidity, kalemia, myoglobinemia
180
pregnant, CF
eosin FA dehydration spleen HS
extravascular
activated factor 10 converts __ to prothrombin
thus admin __ in pt w hemophilia to stop bleeding
active thrombin is needed to form __
pt w ab pain/facial swelling has __ deficiency
normally prevents breakdown of /
also prevents conversion of kininogen to __
leads to bradykinin assc angioedema w laryngeal __ and colicky ab pain
tx w __ care and C1INH concentrate
Mast cells activated by __ rxn or Opiods
leads to /
excess bradykinin can also be due to __
NO /
thrombin
THROMBIN/PT conc
fibrin
C1 inhibitor C2/C4 bradykinin edema supportive type 1 HS urticaria, pruritis ACE inhib URTICARIA/PRURITIS
__ infarct occurs in small penetrating arterioles of deep brain B/P or subcortical white matter I/C
due to chronic __ w liphyalinosis, microatheroma, and hypertensive arteriolar _
narrowing of lumen leads to _
can be pure __ hemiparesis if posterior limb of _ or pons affect
or pure sensory if / of thalamis
ataxia hemiplegia syndrome if __ or basal pons involved
dysarthria, clumsy hand w __ of IC/basal pons
necrotic lesion turns into __ space filled w CSF/scar tissue
cardiac embolisms involve __ cerebral vessels
CB aneurysm ruptures w intraparenchymal __ thus show bright appearance on CT
lacunar BG, pons, internal capsule, corona radiata HTN, sclerosis occlusion motor, IC VPL, VPM posterior limb of internal capsule genu cavitary
LARGE
HEMORRHAGE
ZZ/E are not benzo hypnotics have same \_\_ w rapid onset, and similar metabolism no potential for \_\_ avoid in \_\_ preferably tx insomnia w \_\_ mechanisms
right side colon lumen is __
thus tumor is more likely to present w __
RS involvement leads to _
glucagon induces hepatic __ to rapidly inc GB levels
RLS to gluco is P/P
__ provides more glucose homeostasis in skeletal muscle, adipose, kidney
use __ for catabolic rxns and repairing damage
use __ for anabolism
can use hydrophilic bile salts like U__ to tx cholesterol gallstones
Cholestyramine inc biliary __ to dec gallstone risk
zolpidem, zaleplon, eszopiclone
LARGER
hematochezia
GLYCOGENOLYSIS
PC, PEPCK
epinephrine
NAD
NADP
ursodeoxycholic acid
mobility
Mycobacterium Avium also has __ granulomas
MC HL is __ w nodular growth and surrounding fibrous bands
IgG4 antibodies to __ on glomerular podocytes is IDIO MN
Mixed cryo deposits __ in glomerulus w GBM thickening
staph aureus endo can cause perforations in / or send septic emboli to lungs/systemic circ
Culture neg endo B, C, C, H, M
and HACEK
flank pain to groin w flank mass after pelvic surgery is _
ureter runs anterior to __ vessels and posterior to __ artery in girls
esp vulnerable w __ surgery
caseating
nodular sclerosis
PLA2R
IgM
valves, chordae
bartonell, chlamydia, coxiella, histo, mycoplasma
haemophilus, actinobacter, cardiobacter, eikenella, kingella
hydronephrosis
iliac, uterine
PELVIC SURGERY
Amyloid light chain is _
chronic inflam cx leads to _
AD has beta amyloid deposition due to cleavage and accumulation in temporal lobe w __
amyloid forms around cerebral __ w inc risk of hemorrhage
intranuclear eosinophilic inclusions of a synuclein is _
round cytoplasmic inclusons of tau protein is __
SOB, cough, swelling of face/UE is __
may have HA/dizziness due to high __ pressure
MCC are / cancers
found in ___
superior sulcus tumors compress __ and cervical symp ganglion
AL
AA
NEURITES
vessels
PD
Frontotemporal dementia
SVC syndrome
intracranial pressure
lung/NHL
MEDIASTINUM
brachial plexus
heme osteomyelitis most commonly affects __ in kids
or __ in adults w RF
sx progress to pain and lack of __
abscess expands and leads to bone __ and periosteal disruption
usually due to S/S in kids
atherosclerosis most common places A, C, P, I, C
these are large/medium __ arteries
basophilic cyto w wagon wheel/clock distribution of nuclear chromatin is __
perinuclear zone is pale due to well develop /
BM >30% plasma cells is __
look for / anemia, secretion of IL1/IL6 w formation of lytic bone lesions
lack of normal Ig prodxn leads to inc__
look for __ in serum and BJ protein in urine
also __ formation of blood smear w high ESR
AL amyloid is then deposited in K, H, T, B
__ vein joins w splenic to form portal vein
LONG BONES vetebrae movement necrosis staph, strep pyo
ab aorta, coronary, popliteal, internal carotid, CoW
plasma cells golgi/centrioles MM n/n infections monoclonal Ig rouleaux kidney, heart, tongue, brain
SMV
__ duct drains lymph from left side of body
all regions __ to umbilicus
enters thorax via aortic __ and empties in left SC vein
common iliac veins form IVC at / level
kidneys begin at _
NFkB is normally inhibited by __
w bacteria binding to TLR, IKB __ is activated
this __ IkB and releases NFkB
goes to nucleus to trxn C, A, G as well as IkB
Narcolepsy is recurrent lapses into __ multiple times in same day 3x wk/3m
see __ w positive emotion or sleep __
__ deficiency in CSF from lateral hypothalamus
REM latency less than __m
inc 14-3-3 protein in CSF is _
thoracic
below
hiatus
L4/L5
L1
IkB
kinase
ubiquitinates
cytokines, APP, growth factors
sleep cataplexy paralysis hypocretin 1 15m
CJD
cardiac venous blood drains to RA via __
myocardial O2 extration is __
thus blood in coronary sinus is most __ in body
since O2 extraction is high, when demand inc, __ must inc
__ in ADIPOSE TISSUE breaks down TG to FFA and glycerol
activated w _ hormones w activation of PKA, inhib by insulin
these products go to __ to be used in gluco/KB synthesis
LPL degrades TG to FFA for __ storage and energy usage by tissues
__ ligament connects lateral uterus to pelvis
__ descends from FT
__ covers ovaries
__ extends to EI vessels
ovaries suspended by _ superior, _ medially, _ laterally
IP lig attaches ovary to __ w ovarian A/V/N/L
coronary sinus
HIGHEST
DEOXYGENATED
Blood flow
HSL
stress
liver
adipose
broad
mesosalpinx
mesoovarium
mesometrium
mesoovarium, ovarian, suspensory
pelvic side wall
ureter is close to __ lig of ovary and must be avoided during ligation
HbA has very __ charge
HbC has glutamate replaced w __, thus moves very slow towardd + electrode
sx of mild __ and splenomegaly
HbS/HbC due to AR missense mutations in __ gene
HbH is __ dz
__ molecules migrate further on electrophoresis
eggshell calcified hilar nodes w birefringent particles is __
inc risk of Tb due to impaired __ of CMI
silica particles internalized by macros and are __ w enzymes that contribute to lung injury/fibrosis
over time, leads to macro _
suspensory
negative
lysine
HA
b globin
alpha thalassemia
smaller
silicosis
macrophages
released
apoptosis
__ is gram positive rod w cutaneous sinus tracts/sulfur granules
masses are __ growing
always tx w __
__ is gram neg rod from oral flora of animals
can lead to soft tissue infection w sinus __ and LAD/osteomyelitis
presents __ time frame
tx anthrax w __
actinomyces
SLOW (Cervicofacial actinomyces abscesses)
penicillin
p multicoda
tracts
acute
cipro
