Teratogens

Question 1

What is a teratogenic agent?

Answer 1

An environmental agent that produces abnormalities during embryonic or fetal development

Question 2

What is TORCH

Answer 2

Toxoplasmosis
Others (Hep B, Mumps, Poliovirus)
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Herpes

Question 3

How many ways can environmental agents cause birth defects?

Answer 3

3

Question 4

What are the ways in which an environmental agents cause birth defects?

Answer 4

direct exposure to the agent

Question 5

What are other teratogens

Answer 5

Chemicals, Alcohol, Radiation, Drugs, Meds,

Question 6

What are clinical manifestations of TORCH

Answer 6

microcephaly, hydrocephalus, defects of the eye, hearing problems

Question 7

How could someone get Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)

Answer 7

Contracted by eating raw/uncooked meat, infected meat

Cat feces

Question 8

How to prevent contracting Rubella?

Answer 8

Vaccines to prevent hearing impairment and blindness

Question 9

How does infant acquire Herpes virus type 2

Answer 9

Infection in utero or passage through the birth canal

Question 10

What deficiency is implicated in the development of neural tube defects?

Answer 10

Folic acid deficiency

Question 11

What are consequences of Folic Acid deficiency?

Answer 11

spina bifida, encephalocele, anencephaly

Question 12

What is the recommended amount of folic acid for pregnant women?

Answer 12

400 micrograms daily

Question 13

What foods are folate-rich?

Answer 13

Oj, dark/leafy green veggies, legumes

Question 14

What period is the most susceptible to teratogens?

Answer 14

During rapid differentiation and development of body organs & tissues, 15-60 days postconception

Question 15

What does radiation cause

Answer 15

microcephaly
skeletal malformations
intellectual disabilities

Question 16

How cause radiation exposure be avoided

Answer 16

testing for pregnancy before using tech that uses radiaton

Question 17

Administration of therapeutic radioactive iodine during the 13th week can do what

Answer 17

interfere with thyroid development

Question 18

What is the most common chemical teratogen

Answer 18

drugs

Question 19

Drugs with a molecular weight of what cross the placenta easily

Answer 19

500 or less

Question 20

What other factor helps drugs pass throught the placenta

Answer 20

lipid solubility, dangerous if there lipid soluble

Question 21

What are some example of drugs teratogens

Answer 21

thalidomide
the antimetabolites for cancers
warfarin
cocaine

Question 22

What are the five pregnancy risk categories for drugs

Answer 22

A
B
C
D
X

Question 23

Which are not suggested for use immediately

Answer 23

X