Chronic inflammation Flashcards
Chronic inflammation involves the infiltration of
macrophages
lymphocytes
fibroblasts
What does the infiltration of macrophages lymphocytes and fibroblasts lead to
persistent scarring and proliferation of fibroblasts
What are some examples of low-grade inflammaiton
atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, autoimmune disorders, and susceptibility to cancer
What is a granulomatous lesion
form of chronic inflammation where modified macrophages callled epithelioid cells can’t dispose of an agent so they create a wall around it instead
What are some organisms that are associated with gran lesions
tuberculosis syphilis sarcoidosis deep fungal infections brucellosis
What foreign bodies are G lesions associated with
splinters
sutures
silica
asbestos
What are some examples of systemic manifestations of chronic inflammation
fever and lethargy
increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate
increased levels of C-reactive proteins and white blood cells
enlargement of lymph nodes to drain the area
What can happen in severe bacterial infections (sepsis)
the large amount of organisms in the blood can cause large levels of cytokines resulting in systemic inflammatory response syndrome
Fever is a common menifestation of the
acute response
How is fever caused
its a response to pyrogens that cause the release of PGE2 and other fever producing cytokines which reset the hypothalamic thermoregulatory center
What are the four reactions that occur during fever
prodromal period- mild headache and fatigue
a chill- temp rises
a flush- skin become warm and flushed
defervescence stage- starts sweating
Why is the approach to fever varied amoung childrens age
The have decrease immunologic function and are more commonly infected with virulent organisms
What do serious infections in elderly sometimes go un noticed
they have a lower baseline temp
