Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 1

What causes chronic kidney disease

Answer 1

Progressive loss renal function over years

Question 2

What unique about chronic kid disease

Answer 2

It’s a Spectrum

Question 3

What are the usual causes of chronic kid disease

Answer 3

40% diabetes, 30% hypertension, 10% glomerulonephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 4

because of the progressive decline renal function, what happens

Answer 4

decreased GFR causes increased waste products

Question 5

When do symptoms appear for chronic kid disease

Answer 5

< 25% norm function remains

Question 6

What are some common symptoms of chron kid dis

Answer 6

P otassium increases- hyperkalemia
P hosphate elimination is impaired- bone probs
E limination of nitrogenous waste is impaired- uremia
E rythropoietin production is impaired- anemia if you lose EPO
A cid-base balance is impaired- acidosis, bone probs
A ctivation of Vit D is impaired- bone probs
S odium and water inbalance is impaired- leads to heart failure

Question 7

What is the time line to diagnose chronic kid dis

Answer 7

decreases in GFR for more than 3 months

Question 8

What is normal GFR

Answer 8

120-130 mL/min

Question 9

How do you check for CKD in people with diabetes

Answer 9

protein dipstick for albuminuria

Question 10

What are the stages of CKD and describe their GFR’s

Answer 10

Stgae 1 : equal or greater than 90 mL/min
Stage 2: 60-90
Stgae 3: 30-59
Stage 4: 15-29
Stage 5: <15 = toto annihilation

Question 11

What are the symptoms of uremia

Answer 11

G astrointestinal problem s
I  mpaired immune function
N eurological problems 
S kin disorders
S exual dysfunction

Question 12

What is azotemia

Answer 12

elevated levels of nitrogenous wastes in the blood (essentially the same as uremia)

Question 13

What are the treatments of CKD

Answer 13

first and foremost- treat the original cause
then treatment of:
UTI’s
Blood pressure- like using ACE inhibitors
dietary restrictions on- sodium, potassium, phosphorus, fluids, dietary proteins, drug regulation, Hemo and peritoneal dialysis, tranplantation

Question 14

What is the most likely cause of CKD in kiddos

Answer 14

congenital malformations
inheirited disorders
acquired diseases

Question 15

What similar between the stage progression of CKD in adults vs children

Answer 15

its the same

Question 16

What are the common problems children with CKD have

Answer 16

growth impairment (cognitve and physical)
bone abnormalities
delayed sexual maturation

Question 17

What are the ways children are treated with CKD

Answer 17

transplantation is the better option but most children rely on CCPD and NIPD

Question 18

Because of the decrease of GFR due to age, what are elderly more suseptable to

Answer 18

damage to the kidney from drugs and conditions that compromise renal function

Question 19

What are the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of CKD in elderly

Answer 19

the same as for normal adults