Obesity

Question 1

What are some huge factors contributing to obesity

Answer 1

lifestyle

diet

Question 2

What are some obesity health risks

Answer 2

cancer
fatty liver disease 
gall bladder disease
heart disease 
stroke 
kidney problems
breathing problems
diabetes
venous problems

Question 3

Why is BMI not sufficient by itself

Answer 3

large pro atheletes have high body masses but they are not obese
the BMI scale was made for caucasians

Question 4

What about fat cells in obesity patients is unique

Answer 4

how metabolically active they are

Question 5

What are the three areas to look at with obesity patients

Answer 5

BMI
Waist size
Epigenetics- genetic predispositions

Question 6

For females what is the measurement point of obesity

Answer 6

88 cm

Question 7

For males what is the measurement point of obesity

Answer 7

102 cm

Question 8

Storing fat in the mid section more than in the hips and legs implies what

Answer 8

the fat cells are more metabolically active

Question 9

What type of organ do fat cells in obesity act liek

Answer 9

endocrine

Question 10

What are some hormones that get released by adipose tissue in obesity

Answer 10

insulin
ghrelin
peptide YY

Question 11

What are some cytokines that adipose tissue of obesity release

Answer 11

Leptin
Adiponectin
Resistin

Question 12

What is the function of leptin

Answer 12

to signal satisfaction

Question 13

What happens with leptin in obesity

Answer 13

the amount of leptin produced is directly proportional to the amount of fat cells, so in obesity the excessive amount of fat cells causes an excessive amount of leptin leading to the body becoming desensitized to leptin (leptin resistance)

Question 14

What does leptin do to insulin

Answer 14

promotes insulin sensitivity

Question 15

What does adiponectin do

Answer 15

promotes insulin sensitivity

promote anti-inflammatory properties of vessels

Question 16

What happens to adiponectin in obesity and what does that mean

Answer 16

it decreases;
causing decreases insulin sensitivity and decrease anti-inflammatory benefits of vessels these decreases are linked to diabetes and cardiovascular disease

Question 17

What does resistin do

Answer 17

interferes with insulin

Question 18

What happens to resistin in obesity and what does that mean

Answer 18

it increases causing a decreased insulin sensitivity leading to increased risk of diabetes
it also increases inflammation; increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease and problems with vessels like atherosclerosis

Question 19

What are the measurements of obesity with the BMI

Answer 19

BMI 18.5 to 24.9 normal
BMI 25-29.9 overweight
BMI > 30 obesity
BMI > 40 extreme obesity