Renal Infections: UTI Flashcards
What is a cystitis?
Inflammation of bladder
What type of UTI is cystitis?
symptomatic lower UTI
What is UTI (cystitis) caused by?
E coli
Proteus mirabilis Pesudomonas Enteroccocus faecalis, Staph saprophyticus Klebsiella pneumoniae
What are the risk factors of UTI?
Premature newborns Prepubertal children Sexually active & pregnant women Women on antibiotics Spermicide users, diabetes
Is UTI (cystitis) complicated?
Uncomplicated mild w/o complications (localized inflammation in bladder)
Can UTI occur alone?
Yes or with pyelonephritis, prostatitis, or stones
Where does bacteria enter in a UTI?
Urethra
What are manifestations of cystitis?
frequent urination
urine is cloudy and foul smelling
lower abdominal/ back discomfort
burning and pain on urination
adults: fever and there signs of infection are usually absent
How do you diagnose a UTI?
Based on symptoms and examination of urine for presence of microorganisms
sometimes x-ray, ultrasonography, CT and renal scans to identify obstruction
urine test
What are urine tests for?
To find the presence of bacteria in the urine and a diagnosis fo UTI
What number (CFU) is needed to diagnose a person with a UTI?
100,000 colony forming units (CFU) or more
What are other diagnostic tests for UTI?
Chemical screening (urine dipstick)- markers of infection Urine culture- confirm presence of pathogenic bacteria
What is the treatment of UTI?
based on the pathogen causing the infection & contributing factors
for ecoli: antimicrobial therapy
fluids
What are recurrent lower UTIs
recur after treatment
What is a preventative measure for persons with frequent UTI?
Cranberry or blueberry juice to reduce bacterial adherence to the epithelial lining of the urinary track
