Diabetes insipidus (DI)

Question 1

What causes DI

Answer 1

a deficiency or decreased renal response to ADH

Question 2

What goes wrong in DI

Answer 2

can’t concentrate urine

Question 3

What happens as a result of unconcentrated urine

Answer 3

water loss up to 3-20L per day

Question 4

It becomes a problem when

Answer 4

someones thirst regulartor isnt working

Question 5

Is it usually fine if the person has adequate thirstiness

Answer 5

yes

Question 6

What happens if the person doesnt drink enough water because their thirst reg isnt working

Answer 6

they get increased serum osmolarity that leads to hypertonic dehydration because the decreased water in the vascular tissue (blood vessels) is causes the osmolarity to increase thus pulling water out of the interstitium and cells, making them dehydrated

Question 7

What are the two types

Answer 7

nephrogenic and central

Question 8

When does it usually happen

Answer 8

after brain trauma
lithium toxicity
surgery

Question 9

What are its mani’s

Answer 9

intense thirst, polyuria, dehydration, hypernatremia, loss of potassium
intense thirst being mostly in people with normal thirst reg’s and hypernatremia is more with people with damaged thirst reg’s

Question 10

How is it treated

Answer 10

in people with incomplete DI- adequate water intake

in problematic people- diuretics to increase sodium excretion, pharmacological preparations of ADH