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2024 Vet physiology > Exam 5: Lecture 66: Pituitary Hormones: AI Questions > Flashcards

Exam 5: Lecture 66: Pituitary Hormones: AI Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following factors is the strongest stimulator of growth hormone (GH) secretion?
A) High blood glucose levels
B) Somatostatin
C) Hypoglycemia
D) Obesity

A

C

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2
Q

In the case of pituitary dwarfism in dogs, which of the following is most likely deficient?
A) Thyroid hormone
B) Growth hormone
C) Cortisol
D) Prolactin

A

B

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3
Q

Which hypothalamic hormone directly inhibits prolactin secretion?
A) GHRH
B) Dopamine
C) TRH
D) CRH

A

B

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4
Q

The secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) increases in response to:
A) Decreased plasma osmolarity
B) Increased blood volume
C) Decreased blood pressure
D) High levels of glucocorticoids

A

C

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5
Q

Excessive GH secretion in adult animals typically results in:
A) Gigantism
B) Dwarfism
C) Acromegaly
D) Addison’s disease

A

C

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6
Q

Which of the following is NOT a direct action of growth hormone?
A) Increased lipolysis
B) Decreased glucose uptake by muscles
C) Increased gluconeogenesis
D) Increased release of somatomedins

A

D

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7
Q

Which nucleus of the hypothalamus is primarily responsible for the synthesis of oxytocin?
A) Supraoptic nucleus
B) Paraventricular nucleus
C) Arcuate nucleus
D) Suprachiasmatic nucleus

A

B

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8
Q

In the case of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, the defect lies in:
A) Decreased ADH production
B) Impaired response of the kidney to ADH
C) Increased ADH release
D) Increased aquaporin insertion

A

B

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9
Q

Which hormone is synthesized in the hypothalamus but released by the posterior pituitary?
A) TSH
B) ACTH
C) Oxytocin
D) GH

A

C

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10
Q

What is the primary stimulator of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) secretion?
A) Increased levels of T3 and T4
B) Decreased body temperature
C) Elevated cortisol levels
D) High blood glucose

A

B

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11
Q

During which physiological state is oxytocin secretion most significantly increased?
A) Sleep
B) Stress
C) Suckling
D) Fasting

A

C

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12
Q

The V2 receptor of ADH is primarily located on:
A) Vascular smooth muscle
B) Principal cells of the nephron
C) Myoepithelial cells of mammary glands
D) Adipose tissue

A

B

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13
Q

Which hormone is a potent stimulator of gluconeogenesis in the liver?
A) Prolactin
B) ADH
C) GH
D) Oxytocin

A

C

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14
Q

An animal presenting with hypervolemia and hyponatremia may be experiencing:
A) Diabetes mellitus
B) Hypothyroidism
C) Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH)
D) Central diabetes insipidus

A

C

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15
Q

Which of the following factors would likely inhibit GH secretion?
A) Hypoglycemia
B) Increased free fatty acids (FFA)
C) Fasting
D) Increased arginine levels

A

B

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16
Q

Which hormone acts on the V1 receptor to induce vasoconstriction?
A) GH
B) Oxytocin
C) ADH
D) Prolactin

A

C

17
Q

The major indirect anabolic actions of GH are mediated through:
A) Insulin
B) IGF-1 (somatomedin C)
C) Cortisol
D) Thyroxine

A

B

18
Q

Excessive ADH secretion would likely result in:
A) Hypernatremia
B) Polyuria
C) Dilutional hyponatremia
D) Hyperglycemia

A

C

19
Q

The main anabolic effect of GH is to:
A) Increase lipid storage
B) Decrease bone growth
C) Increase protein synthesis
D) Decrease glucose production

A

C

20
Q

Which condition would likely cause increased GH secretion?
A) High blood glucose
B) Obesity
C) High levels of somatomedins
D) Fasting

A

D

21
Q

Which hormone is primarily involved in osmoregulation?
A) Prolactin
B) ADH
C) Oxytocin
D) GH

A

B

22
Q

Which hormone increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to water?
A) Aldosterone
B) Cortisol
C) ADH
D) Insulin

A

C

23
Q

Which of the following is a primary cause of central diabetes insipidus?
A) Hypersecretion of ADH
B) Deficiency of ADH release from the posterior pituitary
C) Insensitivity of the kidney to ADH
D) Overproduction of aldosterone

A

b

24
Q

Which hormone is most directly responsible for uterine contractions during parturition?
A) Prolactin
B) Growth hormone
C) Oxytocin
D) ADH

A

c

25
Q

What is the effect of increased plasma osmolarity on ADH secretion?
A) Decreased secretion of ADH
B) Increased secretion of ADH
C) No change in ADH levels
D) Inhibition of oxytocin release

A

b

26
Q

A dog presenting with polydipsia and polyuria, but normal plasma ADH levels, likely has:
A) Central diabetes insipidus
B) Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH)
C) Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
D) Addison’s disease

A

c

27
Q

In animals with acromegaly, which of the following is commonly observed?
A) Decreased muscle mass
B) Insulin resistance
C) Hypoglycemia
D) Dwarfism

A

b

28
Q

Which of the following would most likely stimulate the release of GH?
A) Increased blood glucose
B) Hyperlipidemia
C) Arginine infusion
D) Elevated IGF-1 levels

A

c

29
Q

In the case of a complete transection of the pituitary stalk, which of the following hormones would be most affected?
A) Prolactin
B) ADH
C) Oxytocin
D) TSH

A

B

30
Q

What is the most likely outcome of chronic ethanol consumption on ADH secretion?
A) Increased ADH secretion
B) Inhibition of ADH secretion
C) Enhanced action of ADH at the kidney
D) Increased osmolarity of the urine

A

B

31
Q

Which of the following conditions would increase the sensitivity of the kidney to ADH?
A) Hypercalcemia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hyponatremia
D) Normal plasma osmolarity

A

D

32
Q

Which hormone released by the anterior pituitary has both anabolic and catabolic actions depending on the tissue?
A) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
B) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
C) Growth hormone (GH)
D) Prolactin

A

C

33
Q

In the absence of ADH, what happens to the urine concentration?
A) Urine becomes concentrated
B) Urine becomes dilute
C) Urine volume decreases
D) Urine osmolarity increases

A

B

34
Q

Which hormone would be expected to increase in response to dehydration?
A) Oxytocin
B) Prolactin
C) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
D) Cortisol

A

C

35
Q

A deficiency in GH secretion during development leads to:
A) Acromegaly
B) Gigantism
C) Pituitary dwarfism
D) Diabetes insipidus

A

C

2024 Vet physiology (76 decks)

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