Exam 4: Lecture 50: AI Questions Flashcards by Matthew Irvin | Brainscape

Q

What does the H-H equation calculate?

A

pH

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Q

What is the normal bicarbonate ratio?

A

20:1

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Q

What does HCO3- stand for?

A

Bicarbonate

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Q

What buffer uses NaHCO3?

A

Bicarbonate buffer

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Q

What is a major extracellular buffer?

A

Bicarbonate

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Q

What is the main intracellular buffer?

A

Phosphate

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Q

Where is hemoglobin a buffer?

A

Red blood cells

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Q

What ion does an acid release?

A

H+

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Q

What ion does a base accept?

A

H+

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Q

What acid is exhaled as CO2?

A

Carbonic acid

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Q

What type of acids do kidneys excrete?

A

Fixed acids

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Q

What buffer uses H2PO4-?

A

Phosphate

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Q

What is the function of buffers?

A

Resist pH changes

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Q

What is the key respiratory buffer?

A

Carbon dioxide

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Q

What is a major renal buffering ion?

A

Bicarbonate

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Q

What organ adjusts pH by breathing?

A

Lungs

Q

What happens if kidneys fail?

A

pH balance fails

Q

What buffer system uses ATP?

A

Organic phosphate

Q

What acid is NaHCO3 converted to with HCl?

A

Carbonic acid

Q

What acid forms from NaOH and H2CO3?

A

Sodium bicarbonate

Q

What does H2CO3 stand for?

A

Carbonic acid

Q

What is the body’s primary volatile acid?

A

CO2

Q

What is another name for fixed acids?

A

Non-volatile acids

Q

What ion does H2PO4- buffer use?

A

HPO4-

Q

What buffer ratio is 20:1?

A

Bicarbonate

Q

What acid is exhaled in respiratory buffering?

A

CO2

Q

What excretes ammonium ions?

A

Kidneys

Q

What mechanism eliminates fixed acids?

A

Renal buffering

Q

What mechanism involves bicarbonate reabsorption?

A

Bicarbonate

Q

What ions do kidneys conserve for pH?

A

Fixed acids

Q

What is the body’s extracellular pH range?

A

7.35 - 7.45

Q

What is a primary respiratory buffer molecule?

A

Fixed acid

Q

What pH issue arises if renal buffering fails?

A

Acidosis

Q

What maintains pH in extracellular fluid?

A

Bicarbonate

Q

What is another term for HCO3-?

A

Buffer / Bicarbonate

Q

What pH condition results from CO2 retention?

A

Acidosis