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2024 Vet physiology > Exam 2: Lecture 13: Circulatory of the Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Exam 2: Lecture 13: Circulatory of the Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

define In-Vitro

A

outside of the body
EX: Test tube

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2
Q

why is in-vitro good to use

A

control all of the variables - If we see a change we mostly know what its due to

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3
Q

define In-Vivo

A

Inside a living organism

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4
Q

what animals are tested before it goes into human production / testing

A

Rat, dog, and non-human primate

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5
Q

Is the cardiovascular a complete or incomplete circulation system

A

complete

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6
Q

Is the Lymphatic vessels a complete or incomplete circulation system

A

incomplete

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7
Q

The cardiovascular system is made up of the heart (pump) and two circular systems of tubs (arteries, capillaries and veins) that deliver blood to and from what organs of the body

A

to and from all tissues of the body

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8
Q

Lympatic vessels, an incomplete circulation, returns vascular filtrate (lymph) to the circulation. The pump generates pressure producing flow that delivers _______ and ________ to tissues and removes ______

A

oxygen
nutrients
waste

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9
Q

How many chambers make up the heart

A

4

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10
Q

T/F: No mechanical activity without eletrical activity

A

true

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11
Q

Can you have a eletrical activity without mechanical activity?

A

Yes!!!

electrical-mechanical dissociaton

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12
Q

what circulatory system goes to tissues of heart and return to the right side of the heart?

A

Pulmonary circulatory system

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13
Q

What circulatory system needs more blood because it has more important places that need oxygen

A

Systemic circulatory system

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14
Q

What portion of the circulatory system is important for gas exchange and removing waste

A

Capillaries

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15
Q

Why is it important because the lymphatic system is not a complete circulatory system

A

important because if you stopped this then the animal will become anemic (not enough oxygen - RBC). Fluid will also accumulate (edema) in the areas where exchange should occur - but there is no ability to exchange if you cut off this portion

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16
Q

What blood cells carry hemoglobin which carries oxygen

A

Red blood cells

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17
Q

T/F: Blood flows in two directions

A

FALSE!!! Moves ONLY in one direction

18
Q

who is the father of cardiology

A

William Harvey

19
Q

Is flow or pressure more important to Dr. Muiar and why

A

Flow
- flow is more important because its what delivers oxygen to tissues

20
Q

What organ serves as a pump that by contracting generates pressure to drive blood through a series of blood vessels

A

Heart

21
Q

which vessels carry blood from the heart to tissues and undergo high pressure and contain a relatively small percentage of the blood volume

A

arteries

22
Q

which vessels carry blood from the tissues back to the heart and under low pressure and contain the largest percentage of the blood volume

A

veins

23
Q

what vessels are within the tissues, thin walled blood vessels and are interposed betweeen the artoers and veins. serves to the exchange of nutrients, wastes and fluid

A

capillaries

24
Q

where does the Exchange of nutrients, waste and fluid occur on the capillaries

A

capillary beds

25
Q

the left ventricle pumps blood to all organs of the body except which organ

A

lungs

26
Q

which circulatory system does the left side of the heart, and the systemic arteries, capillaries and veins make up?

A

systemic circulatory system

27
Q

Which circulatory system does the right side of the heart, the pulmonary arteries, capillaries, and veins make up?

A

pulmonary circulation

28
Q

does the right side of the heart pump blood to all organs but not the lungs?

A

NO, it pumps blood to all organs and the lungs

29
Q

define cardiac output

A

the rate at which blood is pumped from either ventricle

30
Q

define venous return

A

rate at which blood is returned to the atria from the veins

31
Q

In the steady state does the cardiac output from the heart equal the venous return to the heart

A

it does

32
Q

blood that has been oxygenated in the lungs returns to the left atrium via the pulmonary veins. This blood then flows from the left atrium to the left ventricle through which valve

A

mitral valve

33
Q

Blood that leaves the left ventricle through the _________ valve which is located between the left ventricle and the aorta. When the left ventricle contracts, the pressure in the ventricle increases cause the valve to open and blood to be ejected into the aorta

A

Aortic valve

34
Q

What could cause the percentage of cardiac output going to the skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle to increase compared to the percentage at rest

A

strenuous exercise

35
Q

The mixed venous blood is collected in veins of increasing size and finally in the largest vein (________ ________). this carries blood to the right side of the heart

A

Vena cava

36
Q

Due to pressue in the vena cava is higher than in the right atrium, the RA fills with blood called venous return. In the steady state, venous return to the RA equals cardiac output from the ________ ________

A

left ventricle

37
Q

Mixed venous blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle through the AV valve in the right heart, which is known as the ________ ________

A

tricupsid valve

38
Q

When the right ventricle contracts, blood is ejected through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery, which carries blood to which organ

A

Lungs

39
Q

Where is oxygen added to the blood and added to the alveolar gas. Thus blood leaving the lungs has more O2 and less CO2 than the blood that entered the lungs

A

Capillary beds of the lungs

40
Q

Oxygenated blood is returned to the left atrium via the ________ ________ to being a new cycle

A

pulmonary veins

41
Q

what governs blood flow in the cardiovascular system

A

hemodynamics

2024 Vet physiology (28 decks)

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