Exam 1:Quiz 1 and 2: Lecture 1-20 Flashcards
What is the interstitial fluid volume (L) of a sheep weighing 77 kg? Show your work, include units in your answer, and round to one decimal place for full credit.
Your Answer:
77 kg x 16% of interstitial fluid
77 kg x 0.16 of I.F. = 12.32 L = 12.3 L of interstitial fluid for a 77kg sheep
which substance is a major anion in the ICF?
organic phosphate
which transporter indirectly uses energy by using the Na+ gradient to transport gluose against its conentration gradient?
Na+/ glucose co-transporter (SGLT 1)
If a cell with normal osmolarity is placed into an extracellular solution with an osmolarity of 240 mOsm/L, where will water move via osmosis?
water will move from the extracellular solution into the cell
How would a solution of 270 mOsm/L be described when compared to a solution of 250 mOsm/L?
hyperosmotic
Solution A has an osmolarity of 245 mOsm/L and Solution B has an osmolarity of 230 mOsm/L. Which solution has greater osmotic pressure?
solution A
Which ion is most commonly responsible for depolarizing the membrane potential?
Na+
Which event(s) is/are associated with repolarization? More than one may be correct.
- closing of Na+ inactivation gates
- opening of Na+ activation gates
- opening of K+ channels
- closing of K+ channels
closing of Na+ inactivation gates
opening of K+ channels
Which characteristic would allow an action potential to propagate the farthest?
internal resistance low
Which neurotransmitter is considered to be inhibitory?
glycine
Which neurotransmitter is excitatory and can use either ionotropic or metabotropic receptors?
glutamate
What is the second messenger that, along with calcium, will activate protein kinase C in the phospholipase C system?
DAG
Which type of axon would carry motor signals to skeletal muscle?
somatic efferent
Which area of the CNS is the “intermediate” in receiving sensory information to pass on to the cerebrum?
brainstem
Which major division of the CNS contains the hypothalamus, which is involved in regulation of hormone secretion from the pituitary gland?
forebrain
All preganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system release what neurotransmitter
Acetylcholine
Where are the cell bodies of PSNS preganglionic neurons located?
brainstem or spinal cord
Which adrenergic receptor will cause relaxation of smooth muscle when stimulated?
beta 2
Which adrenergic receptor causes inhibition of neurotransmitter release from the presynaptic terminal?
Alpha 2
Which receptor(s) is/are stimulatory in the PSNS and use the phospholipase C signaling pathway?
M1, M3, and M5