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2024 Vet physiology > Exam 4: Lecture 51: AI Questions > Flashcards

Exam 4: Lecture 51: AI Questions Flashcards

1
Q

What pH indicates acidosis?

A

<7.35

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2
Q

What pH indicates alkalosis?

A

> 7.45

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3
Q

What is PaCO2 threshold for acidosis?

A

> 50 mmHg

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4
Q

What is PaCO2 threshold for alkalosis?

A

<30 mmHg

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5
Q

What is normal pH range?

A

7.35-7.45

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6
Q

What is normal bicarbonate level?

A

18-28 mEq/L

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7
Q

What does low HCO3 indicate?

A

Acidosis

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8
Q

What is the main respiratory compensatory mechanism?

A

Hyperventilation

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9
Q

What gas is exhaled in compensation?

A

CO2

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10
Q

How quickly do respiratory compensations occur?

A

Minutes to hours

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11
Q

How long do renal compensations take?

A

Hours to days

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12
Q

What does a PaO2 below 60 mmHg indicate?

A

Respiratory failure

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13
Q

What does SaO2 below 90% indicate?

A

Respiratory failure

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14
Q

What is the FiO2 calculation used for?

A

Oxygenation assessment

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15
Q

What does PaCO2 > 55 mmHg suggest?

A

Respiratory acidosis

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16
Q

What does PaO2/FiO2 ratio below 200 indicate?

A

Severe pulmonary disease

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17
Q

What is a base excess below -3 suggestive of?

A

Metabolic acidosis

18
Q

What is PaO2 normal range?

A

80-100 mmHg

19
Q

What type of imbalance does low pH and low HCO3 indicate?

A

Metabolic acidosis

20
Q

What is a normal PaCO2 value?

A

35-45 mmHg

21
Q

What is the pH change per 10 mmHg PCO2 change?

A

0.05 units

22
Q

What is partial compensation?

A

Partial pH normalization

23
Q

What indicates complete compensation?

A

pH within normal limits

24
Q

What does metabolic acidosis do to HCO3?

A

Decreases

25
Q

What does respiratory acidosis do to PCO2?

A

Increases

26
Q

What value is determined in Step 1 of interpretation?

A

pH

27
Q

What is analyzed in arterial blood gas?

A

pH and gases

28
Q

What does anion gap measure?

A

Unmeasured ions

29
Q

What does Stewart’s approach focus on?

A

Independent variables

30
Q

What type of acidosis occurs if pH < 7.35?

A

Acidosis

31
Q

What does metabolic alkalosis do to HCO3?

A

Increases

32
Q

What is a primary component of respiratory acidosis?

A

Increased PaCO2

33
Q

What compensates for respiratory alkalosis?

A

HCO3

34
Q

What parameter shifts in respiratory alkalosis?

A

Hypoxemia assessment

35
Q

What is PaO2/FiO2 used for?

A

Kidneys

36
Q

What organ compensates for metabolic acidosis?

A

Acidosis

37
Q

What condition results from PaCO2 increase?

A

Acidemia

38
Q

What does a low base excess indicate?

A

Alkalosis

39
Q

What disorder is indicated by high HCO3 and high pH?

A

Hypoxia

40
Q

What condition is suggested by PaO2 < 55?

A

Respiratory failure

2024 Vet physiology (76 decks)

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