Exam 4: Lecture 49: Acid-base

Question 1

Are acids of bases H+ donors

Answer 1

acids

Question 2

Are acids of bases H+ acceptors

Answer 2

bases

Question 3

Do acids of bases give up an OH- group in a soultion

Answer 3

bases

Question 4

Do strong or weak acids dissociate completly in a solution

Answer 4

strong acids

Question 5

Do strong or weak acids dissociate only partially in a solution

Answer 5

weak

Question 6

Is carbonic acid a strong or weak acid

Answer 6

weak

Question 7

Is HCl and NaOH a strong or weak acid

Answer 7

strong

Question 8

What is the range for physiological pH

Answer 8

7.35 to 7.45

Question 9

What is the holy grail of acid-base

Answer 9

H+

Question 10

What happens to the following when small changes in pH can produce major disturbances in physiology

• enzyme function
• membrane potential
• hormones

Answer 10

• most enzymes function within a very narrow pH range
• membrane potential may be altered and usually becomes less negative (depolarize)
• hormones become less effective

Question 11

What controled pH and is tightly controlled

Answer 11

Homeostasis

Question 12

What is the range for blood pH

Answer 12

7.35 to 7.45

Question 13

What is the lowest and highest pH can get before death occurs due to everything shutting down and the body goes into a coma/death

Answer 13

less than 6.8
greater than 8.0

Question 14

Below 7.35

acidosis or alkalosis

Answer 14

acidosis
- acidemia

Question 15

Above 7.45

acidosis or alkalosis

Answer 15

alkalosis
- alkalemia

Question 16

Are acids or bases taken in with foods

Answer 16

acids

Question 17

Are acids or bases produced by metabolism of lipids and proteins

Answer 17

acids

Question 18

CO2 and H2O use what enzyme to make carbonic acid (H2CO3)

Answer 18

carbonic anhydrase

Question 19

What enzyme is important in CO2 hydration Equation

Answer 19

Carbonic anhydrase

Question 20

What is the name of this equation

pH = pKa + log10 [A-]/[HA]

Answer 20

Henderson - Hasselbalch Equation

Question 21

What is the main ion that is a volatile acid in the lung

Answer 21

CO2-

Question 22

What are fixed acids from the kidneys that are non-volatile?

Answer 22

phosphoric acids
sulfuric acid
lactic acid
keto-acids

Question 23

What is a non-volatile fixed acid that comes from protein breakdown

Answer 23

phosphoric acid

Question 24

What is a non-volatile fixed acid that comes from ischemia and hypoxia breakdown

Answer 24

lactic acid

Question 25

What is a non-volatile fixed acid that comes from disease (diabetes)

Answer 25

keto-acids