3(4) 文化・国家 歴史 Flashcards

1
Q

文化

A

ぶんか

culture

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2
Q

国家

A

こっか

state, nation, country

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3
Q

歴史

A

れきし

history

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4
Q

代が替わる

A

だいがかわる

to have a new ruler

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5
Q

時代を遡る

A

じだいをさかのぼる

to go back in time

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6
Q

世紀の大発見

A

せいきのだいはっけん

a great discovery of the century

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7
Q

世代交代が進む

A

せだいこうたいがすすむ

a new generation takes over

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8
Q

史実を曲げて解釈する

A

しじつをまげてかいしゃくする

to distort historical facts

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9
Q

歴史に幕を下ろす

A

れきしにまくをおろす

to put an end to the history of…

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10
Q

内乱が起こる

A

ないらんがおこる

a civil war breaks out

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11
Q

反乱を鎮める

A

はんらんをしずめる

to put down a revolt

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12
Q

(社会の)混乱を招く

A

(しゃかいの)こんらんをまねく

to cause social disruption

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13
Q

争乱が/の絶えない(時代)

A

そうらんが/のたえない(じだい)

a period of constant conflict

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14
Q

天下統一を図る

A

てんかとういつをはかる

a plan to unify the whole country

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15
Q

(今年の)年号を西暦に直す

A

(ことしの)ねんごをせいれきになおす

change this year from the Japanese era name system to the Western calendar

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16
Q

功績をたたえる

A

こうせきをたたえる

to honor someone’s achievements

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17
Q

英雄の生涯

A

えいゆうのしょうがい

the life of a hero

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18
Q

全盛期を迎えた

A

ぜんせいきをむかえた

to have come to the prime of one’s life

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19
Q

革命をもたらす

A

かくめいをもたらす

to lead a revolution

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20
Q

未開の地を切り開く

A

みかいのちをきりひらく

to clear an undeveloped region

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21
Q

植民地を支配する

A

しょくみんちをしはいする

to rule a colony

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22
Q

遺跡の発掘に携わる

A

いせきのはっくつにたずさわる

to be engaged in excavating ruins

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23
Q

(中世の)文献が残されている

A

(ちゅうせいの)ぶんけんがのこされている

the literature of the Middle Ages remains

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24
Q

真実を探る

A

しんじつをさぐる

to pursue the truth

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25
(古い)学説が根底から揺らぐ
(ふるい)がくせつがこんていからゆらぐ | an old theory is thoroughly shaken
26
だい | period, age, generation, counter for decades of ages
27
時代
じだい | period, epoch, era, age
28
古代
こだい | ancient times
29
近代
きんだい | present day, modern times
30
現代
げんだい | nowadays, modern era, present day
31
一代
いちだい | generation, lifetime, age
32
初代
しょだい | first generation, founder
33
歴代
れきだい | successive generations
34
代々
だいだい | for generations, generation after generation
35
世界
せかい | the world, society, the universe
36
世紀
せいき | century, era
37
世代
せだい | generation, the world
38
世代交代
せだいこうたい | alternation of generations
39
中世
``` ちゅうせい Middle Ages (in Japan esp. Kamakura & Muromachi), medieval times ```
40
近世
きんせい | early modern times (Azuchi-Momoyama to Edo, 1568 - 1867)
41
一世
いっせい | generation, lifetime, first generation
42
乱世
らんせい | troubled times
43
歴史
れきし | history
44
史料
しりょう | historical records, archives
45
史実
しじつ | historical fact
46
東洋史
とうようし | Asian history
47
西洋史
せいようし | history of the western world
48
近代史
きんだいし | modern history
49
現代史
げんだいし | contemporary history
50
日本史
にほんし | history of Japan
51
世界史
せかいし | history of the world
52
乱れる
みだれる | (intrans.) to be disordered, to be disarrayed, to lapse into chaos
53
らん | riot, war, disorder
54
内乱
ないらん | civil war, insurrection, rebellion
55
反乱
はんらん | insurrection, mutiny, rebellion, revolt
56
混乱
こんらん | disorder, chaos, mayhem
57
動乱
どうらん | disturbance, agitation, commotion
58
騒乱
そうらん | disturbance, riot, mayhem
59
争乱
そうらん | rioting, disturbances
60
統一
とういつ | consolidation, unification (to unify, to consolidate)
61
統治
とうち | rule, reign, government
62
大統領
だいとうりょう | president, chief executive
63
血統
けっとう | lineage, pedigree, family line
64
系統
けいとう | system, lineage, a population sharing a common ancestor
65
年号
ねんごう | name of an era
66
西暦
せいれき | Christian era, AD
67
功績
こうせき | achievements, merit
68
英雄
えいゆう | hero, heroine, great person
69
生涯
しょうがい | one's lifetime
70
著名
ちょめい | well known, noted, celebrated
71
繁栄
はんえい | prospering, prosperity, thriving
72
騒音
そうおん | noise
73
騒音公害
そうおんこうがい | noise pollution
74
勢力
せいりょく | influence, power, might, potency
75
壮大
そうだい | magnificent, grand, majestic
76
全盛期
ぜんせいき | heyday, golden age
77
没落
ぼつらく | ruin, fall,collapse
78
貴族
きぞく | noble, aristocrat
79
武士
ぶし | warrior, samurai
80
さむらい | samurai
81
殿様
とのさま | feudal lord, daimyo
82
幕府
ばくふ | bakufu, shogunate
83
将軍
しょうぐん | shogun
84
大名
だいみょう | daimyo
85
地主
じぬし | landlord, land owner
86
庶民
しょみん | masses, common people
87
家来
けらい | retainer, servant
88
階層
かいそう | class, level, stratum
89
革命
かくめい | revolution
90
支配
しはい | domination, rule, control
91
暗殺
あんさつ | assassination
92
天下
てんか | the whole world, society, the public, the ruling power
93
未開の地
みかいのち | savage land, uncivilized land
94
植民地
しょくみんち | colony, colonial
95
伝来
でんらい | ancestral, transmitted, handed down
96
宣教
せんきょう | religious mission
97
宣教師
せんきょうし | missionary
98
原始
げんし | origin, primeval
99
遺跡
いせき | historic ruins
100
土器
どき | earthenware
101
石器
せっき | stone implement, stone tool
102
文化財
ぶんかざい | cultural assets, cultural property
103
洗脳
せんのう | brainwashing
104
文献
ぶんけん | literature, books, document
105
ひ | tombstone, monument
106
発掘
はっくつ | excavation, exhumation
107
発見
はっけん | discovery, detection, finding
108
保存
ほぞん | preservation, conservation, storage
109
変遷
へんせん | change, transition
110
推定
すいてい | presumption, assumption, estimation
111
再現
さいげん | reappearance, reproduction, return
112
真実
しんじつ | truth, reality
113
学説
がくせつ | theory
114
根底
こんてい | root, basis, foundation
115
世界恐慌
せかいきょうこう | worldwide financial crisis, global depression
116
この世
このよ | this world, the present life
117
あの世
あのよ | the other world, world of the dead
118
老朽化
ろうきゅうか | aging, wearing out, deterioration
119
解体
かいたい | disassembly, dismantling, demolishing
120
前国王
ぜんこくおう | the previous king
121
世を去り
よをさり | to have died
122
即位
そくい | enthronement
123
勇気
ゆうき | courage, bravery, valor
124
権力
けんりょく | (political) power, authority, influence
125
新大陸
しんたいりく | new continent
126
大胆
だいたん | bold, daring, audacious
127
改革
かいかく | reform, reformation
128
出土
しゅつど | archeological excavation
129
過去
かこ | past
130
否定
ひてい | negation, denial
131
諸国
しょこく | various countries
132
覇権
はけん | hegemony
133
争う
あらそう | (intrans.) to compete, to contest, to quarrel, to argue
134
繰り返す
くりかえす | to repeat, to do something over again
135
一場面
``` いちばめん one scene (in a play) ```
136
反する
はんする | (intrans.) to be contrary to, to contradict
137
反発
はんぱつ | opposition, rebellion, resistance
138
列国
れっこく | nations, states
139
競う
きそう | (intrans.) to compete with
140
獲得
かくとく | acquisition, possession
141
鎌倉
かまくら
142
書物
しょもつ | books
143
保管
ほかん | charge, custody, safekeeping
144
しん | Manchu dynasty
145
始皇帝
しこうてい | beginning emperor
146
見事
みごと | splendid, magnificent, beautiful
147
偉業
いぎょう | great enterprise, exploits
148
成し遂げる
なしとげる | (trans.) to accomplish, to finish, to fulfill
149
室町
むろまち
150
兵を派遣
へいをはけん | to dispatch troops/soldiers
151
治める
おさめる | (trans.) to govern, to manage