3(3) 文化・国家 マナー・習慣 Flashcards

1
Q

文化

A

ぶんか

culture

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2
Q

国家

A

こっか

state, nation, country

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3
Q

習慣

A

しゅうかん

custom, habit

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4
Q

古い慣習に縛られる

A

ふるいしゅうかんにしばられる

to be bound by old customs

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5
Q

昔の風習が廃れている

A

むかしのふうしゅうがすたれている

old customs are dying out

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6
Q

(江戸)時代の風俗

A

(えど)じだいのふうぞく

the manners and customs of the Edo period

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7
Q

冠婚葬祭のマナー

A

かんこんそうさいのマナー

manners for ceremonial occasions

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8
Q

神式の葬儀

A

しんしきのそうぎ

a Shinto style funeral

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9
Q

格式を重んじる

A

かくしきをもんじる

to take formalities seriously

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10
Q

握手を交わす

A

あくしゅをかわす

to shake hands

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11
Q

遠慮が/のいらない(間柄)

A

えんりょが/のいらない(あいだがら)

a close relationship between two people

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12
Q

義理を欠く

A

ぎりをかく

to fail in one’s social duties

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13
Q

配慮が行き届いている

A

はいりょがいきとどいている

to be considerate of someone

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14
Q

行儀が/のいい(子供)

A

ぎょうぎが/のいい(こども)

a well behaved child

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15
Q

しつけがなっていない

A

to have a poor upbringing

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16
Q

倹約に努める

A

けんやくにつとめる

to make every effort to be frugal

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17
Q

しきたりを守る

A

しきたりをまもる

to follow traditional practices

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18
Q

日の丸を掲げる

A

ひのまるをかかげる

to raise the national flag of Japan

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19
Q

喪に服す

A

もにふくす

to go into mourning

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20
Q

線香ををあげる

A

せんこうをあげる

to light incense

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21
Q

花を供える

A

はなをそなえる

to put an offering of flowers

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22
Q

正月を迎える

A

しょうがつをむかえる

to greet the new year

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23
Q

門松を立てる

A

かどまつをたてる

to decorate the gate with pine branches for the New Year

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24
Q

ひな祭りを祝う

A

ひなまつりをいわう

to celebrate the girls festival

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25
習慣
しゅうかん | custom, habit, manners
26
慣習
かんしゅう | usual (historical) custom
27
風習
ふうしゅう | custom
28
悪習
あくしゅう | bad habit, vice
29
民俗
みんぞく | folk customs
30
風俗
ふうぞく | manners, customs
31
低俗
ていぞく | vulgar
32
世俗
せぞく | common customs, vulgar, popular
33
俗悪
ぞくあく | vulgarity, coarseness
34
俗語
ぞくご | colloquialism, colloquial language
35
祭り
まつり | festival, feast
36
祭礼
さいれい | (religious) festival
37
祭祀
さいし | ritual, religious service, festival
38
祭壇
さいだん | altar
39
冠婚葬祭
かんこんそうさい | important ceremonial occasions in family relationships
40
地鎮祭
じちんさい | ground breaking ceremony
41
収穫祭
しゅうかくさい | harvest festival
42
慰霊祭
いれいさい | memorial service
43
記念祭
きねんさい | anniversary, commemoration
44
儀式
ぎしき | ceremony, ritual
45
仏式
ぶっしき | Buddhist ritual
46
神式
しんしき | Shinto rites
47
キリスト教式
キリストきょうしき | Christian rites
48
本式
ほんしき | formal, orthodox
49
正式
せいしき | official, formality
50
略式
りゃくしき | informal, simplified
51
公式
こうしき | formality, formal, official
52
和式
わしき | Japanese style
53
洋式
ようしき | Western style
54
格式
かくしき | formality, social rules, social status
55
形式
けいしき | form, formality, style, format
56
挨拶状
あいさつじょう | greeting card
57
招待状
しょうたいじょう | written invitation
58
案内状
あんないじょう | letter of invitation
59
年賀状
ねんがじょう | New Year's card
60
礼状
れいじょう | acknowledgement, letter of thanks
61
見舞い状
みまいじょう | get well card, sympathy letter
62
見舞う
みまう | to ask after (health)
63
詫び状
わびじょう | letter of apology
64
詫びる
わびる | to apologize
65
断り状
ことわりじょう | letter of rejection, declination
66
断る
ことわる | (trans.) to reject, to dismiss, to decline
67
お辞儀
おじぎ | bow, bowing
68
握手
あくしゅ | handshake
69
手を握る
てをにぎる | to shake hands
70
遠慮する
えんりょする | to show constraint, restraint, holding back
71
謙遜
けんそん | humble, humility, modesty
72
義理
ぎり | duty, social obligation
73
気配り
きくばり | care, attentiveness, attention
74
気を配る
きをくばる | to pay attention, to be watchful
75
配慮する
はいりょする | consideration, concern
76
行儀
ぎょうぎ | manners, behavior
77
作法
さほう | manners, etiquette
78
目上
めうえ | superior
79
目下
めした | inferior
80
上座
かみざ | seat of honor
81
下座
しもざ | lower seat, at the foot of the table
82
質素
しっそ | simplicity, modesty
83
倹約する
けんやくする | to be thrifty, economical, frugal
84
家風
かふう | family tradition
85
家訓
かくん | family precepts, rule of the home
86
伝承
でんしょう | transmission, hand down (information), legend, tradition
87
慣例
かんれい | custom, precedent
88
日の丸
ひのまる | outline of the sun, the Japanese flag
89
餞別
せんべつ | farewell gift
90
(お)土産
(お)みやげ | gift
91
喪中
もちゅう | mourning
92
も | miss, mourning
93
喪服
もふく | mourning dress
94
(お)墓参り
(お)はかまいり | visit to the grave
95
(お)線香
(お)せんこう | incense stick
96
(お)花
(お)はな | flower
97
(お)正月
(お)しょうがつ | New Years
98
門松
かどまつ | new year's pine decoration
99
節分
せつぶん | last day of winter (usually Feb 3 or 4)
100
ひな祭り
ひなまつり | dolls festival
101
(お)彼岸
(お)ひがん | equinoctial week
102
端午の節句
たんごのせっく | Boy's day celebration (May 5)
103
母の日
ははのひ | mother's day
104
父の日
ちちのひ | father's day
105
(お)月見
(お)つきみ | viewing the moon
106
(お)中元
(お)ちゅうげん | 15th day of the 7th lunar month
107
(お)歳暮
(お)せいぼ | end of the year, year end gift
108
(お)盆
(お)ぼん | Bon festival
109
餅つき
もちつき | pounding mochi
110
餅を搗く
もちをつく | to pound mochi
111
年越し蕎麦
としこしそば | soba eaten on new year's eve
112
年末年始
ねんまつねんし | period encompassing the close of the year and start of the new year
113
融通が利かない
ゆうずうがきかない | to not be flexible, to not be accomodating
114
〜てはいけない
should not do
115
実家
じっか | (one's parents) home
116
美徳
びとく | virtue
117
くら | storehouse
118
浮世絵
うきよえ
119
貴重
きちょう | precious, valuable
120
錦絵
にしきえ | color (woodblock) print
121
慶事
けいじ | auspicious event
122
弔事
ちょうじ | mourning
123
熟知
じゅくち | being familiar with, being well informed about
124
首脳会談
しゅのうかいだん | leadership conference, summit meeting
125
臨む
のぞむ | intrans.) to look out on, to attend (e.g. a function
126
宮司
ぐうじ | chief priest
127
親戚一同
しんせきいちどう | all of our relatives
128
心得る
こころえる | (trans.) to know, to understand, to be aware of
129
健やか
すこやか | vigorous, healthy, sound
130
飾る
かざる | to decorate, to ornament
131
大家
たいか | expert
132
家柄
いえがら | parentage, pedigree, good family
133
親しき中にも礼儀あり
したしきなかにもれいぎあり | good manners even between friends