Week 9 - Cells of the Immune Response Flashcards
What is immunity? (2)
protection from illness or disease that is maintained by the body’s physiologic defence mechanisms
- protects the body from attacks from foreign antigens
What kind of foreign antigens does our body protect us from? (7)
- Microorganisms: Bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi
- pollens
- food
- venom (spiders, bees, snakes)
- vaccines
- transfusions
- transplanted tissues/organs
How is immunity accomplished?
- actions of the immune system called inflammation and immunity concepts
Lymphoid organs are spread throughout the body. Name these organs. (6)
- spleen
- thymus gland
- bone marrow
- adenoids
- tonsils
- appendix
____ are formed, grow, mature and are released when we need them
lymphocytes
What makes up the lymphatic system along with blood that connects the organs?
- lymphoid organs and lymphocytes
What cells of the immune response are derived from stem cells in the bone marrow?
- Myeloid Progenitors
- Lymphoid progenitors
Which cells are myeloid progenitors? (5)
- Neutrophils
- Monocytes
- Eosinophils
- Basophils
- Mast cells
Which cells are lymphoid progenitors (3)
- B lymphocytes - secrete antibodies
- Mature T lymphocytes
- Natural Killer (T lymphocytes) cells - kill and attack self-cells (taken over by a virus)
What are the physical barriers of our body? (3)
- epithelial cells
- mucous membranes
- saliva, tears, and mucous
Which cells are part of our innate immunity? (3)
- granulocytes
- monocytes
- Proinflammatory hormones
Which cells are part of our acquired immunity?
B and T lynphocytes
What is innate immunity? (3)
- natural or native
- present at birth (inflammation)
- non-specific
What is acquired immunity? (3)
- adaptive
- protection gained after birth through either active or passive immunity
- selective
What occurs in active immunity?
- body makes antibodies
What is natural active immunity?
- antigen enters the body and the body creates antibodies to fight off the antigen (day to day)
What is artificial active immunity?
- vaccination or immunization
What is passive immunity?
- body given antibodies
What is natural passive immunity?
- Passed from mother to fetus through placenta or colostrum or breast milk
Literally just giving antibodies so your body doesn’t have to produce them
What is artificial passive immunity?
- Specific transfusion such as immunoglobulins
ie. taking your antibodies and giving it to someone who needs it (kim w/ COViD antibodies)
