Week 12 - DM: Acute Complications

Question 1

HHS is commonly seen in which kinds of people? (2)

Answer 1

• Type 2 DM who have the ability to produce some endogenous insulin
• increased rates of HHS being seen in children

Question 2

Can hyperglycaemia be extreme before HHS is recognized?

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

What lab values would you see with HHS?

Answer 3

greater than 34mmol/L
- increased serum osmolality

Question 4

What is the treatment for HHS?

Answer 4

fluid replacement
- 0.9% or 0.45% NS

Question 5

What is diabetic ketoacidosis? (4)

Answer 5

In the absence of insulin
- increase lipolysis
- increase free fatty acids
- accumulation of ketones

Basically there’s no insulin left, so our bodies need ketones

Question 6

DKA is more commonly seen in which diabetic pts?

Answer 6

autoimmune

Question 7

DKA leads to ____ acidosis.

Answer 7

metabolic

Question 8

In lecture, what are some clinical manifestations of DKA? (3)

Answer 8

• fruity breath
• kussmaul respirations (fast, deep breaths in response to metabolic acidosis)
• increased serum osmolality