Week 3: Introduction to Pharmocology Flashcards
1
Q
The perfect drug has which 3 factors?
A
- effective
- safe
- selective
2
Q
What does it mean for a drug to be effective?
A
- works well and does exactly what it is supposed to do
3
Q
What does it mean for a drug to be safe?
A
It is unlikely to produce harm even if it takes in large amounts for a long period
4
Q
what does it mean for a drug to be selective?
A
A drug that only does what we wanted to do with no unintended side effects
5
Q
Which 5 characteristics should a drug have?
A
- reversible action
- predictable action
- Easy to give/take
- no drug interactions
- Low cost
- possession of a simple generic name
6
Q
Which drugs require a prescription? (2)
A
- Narcotics (ie. morphine) (controlled)
- Blood pressure medication
7
Q
Which drugs can be behind the counter? (2)
A
- monitored by a pharmacist no prescription
- plan b, iron supplements
8
Q
Which drugs are OTC? (3)
A
- sold by pharmacies, no Rx or pharmacist needed
- acetaminophen, Benadryl, cold medication
9
Q
Who can be prescribers? (7)
A
- physician (MD)
- NP
- PA
- Nurse prescribers
- Dentists
- Veterinarians
- Pharmacists (in some provinces)
10
Q
What is a medication order? (3)
A
- For in-patient: MAR
- Medication administration record
Ex. acetaminophen, 500 mg 1-2 tablets orally 4 times a day for pain scheduled and PRN - drug, dose, time, route
11
Q
What is a prescription? (2)
A
- for discharge or out-patient
- requires patient education
ex. acetaminophen 500 mg 1-2 tablets orally 4 times a day for 30 days, refill x 1
12
Q
What is the generic name of a drug? (2)
A
- Unique and is most universal
- safest practice to use generic name
13
Q
What are 4 nursing responsibilities when Administering drugs?
A
- Appropriate patient Assessments
- before-during-after - Appropriate dosage and Administration
- 10 rights
ie. Dysphagia, can they swallow? - Promote therapeutic effects and minimize adverse effects and minimize adverse interactions
- take off clothes, blanket, etc. - Appropriate PRN decisions
- 1-2 tablets, start at 1
14
Q
What are the 10 rights of medication administration>
A
- Right drug
- Right patient
- Right dose
- Right route
- Right time/schedule
- Right education
- Right documentation
- Right to refuse
- Right Assessment
- Right Evaluation
15
Q
What are the 8 medication errors?
A
- Wrong drug
- Wrong patient
- Wrong dose, strength/concentration, infusion rate
- Wrong route, wrong dosage form
- Omitted dose
- Wrong diluent
- Wrong technique
- Wrong duration of treatment
