Week 7 - Antiplatelets and Thrombolytics Flashcards
What is the MOA of aspirin? (2)
- suppresses platelets clumping together by inhibiting COX.
- Platelets need COX to synthesize TXA, a factor that makes platelets aggregate together
How long does aspirin work?
- irreversibly inhibits COX, so one single dose will inhibit platelet aggregation for 7-10 days
What are the routes of administration for aspirin?
- PO
What should assess before administering aspirin?
- assess ASA use before procedures that may cause bleeding (surgery)
When is aspirin used?
- used to reduce clots that may cause stroke or myocardial infarction
What are the side and adverse effects of aspirin?
- increased risk of bleeding, GI bleeding, stomach ulcers
What is a “baby dose” when it comes to aspirin? (2)
81 mg as a preventative measure
- fi risk of heart attack or stroke
What is the MOA of Clopidogrel, an antiplatelet?
- Stops platelets from aggregating by blocking receptors on surface of platelets
How long does the effect of clopidogrel last? (2)
- Irreversible binding like ASA, so effect lasts the life of the platelet (7-10 days)
- platelet aggregation is reduced by 40-60%
What is the route of administration for clopidogrel?
PO and then liver converts it into active form
When is clopidogrel used?
- to prevent clots, specifically in clients who are prone to clots in the heart’s arteries
What are the side and adverse effects of clopidogrel? (4)
- abdominal cramping
- heartburn
- diarrhea
- risk for bleeding
you give a lot if someone has a heart attack
What is tPA? (3)
- tPA = tissue pasminogen activator
- this a a substance normally in our body that is used to break down old clots that have done their job after healing has occured
- we give it here as a medication
How does alteplase work? (3)
- break down clotting factors and the fibrin that holds thrombi together
- lyses clots that are already formed
- Also called fibronolytics and “clot busters”
In what instances is alteplase used?
- only used to treat life threatening clots in the brain (stroke), heart (MI), or lungs (PE)
What is the route of admin for alteplase?
IV, short action
What are the side and adverse effects of alteplase? (2)
- can cause severe bleeding
- cannot form new clots
What do all these drugs have in common? diagram
