Week 7 - Problem Clots Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 3 factors in Virchows triad?
A
- blood stasis
- hypercoagulability
- endothelial injury (in lumen)
2
Q
What is Virchow’s Triad?
A
- risk factors for clot formation are associated with this Triad
3
Q
Why is blood stasis associated with problem clots?
A
- blood pooling is more likely to form clots
4
Q
Why is increased hypercoagulability in Virchow’s Triad?
A
tendency of blood to clot
- ie. hormonal imbalances
5
Q
What is a thrombus? (2)
A
- a problem clot (caused by factors in Virchow’s Triad)
- will trigger inflammation
6
Q
What is an embolus?
A
- A piece of the clot that breaks off and travels around the body
7
Q
What occurs in DVT?
A
- Thrombus forms in the deep veins
8
Q
What are the symptoms of DVT? (5)
A
- may be asymptomatic
- calf or groin pain on affected side
- sudden onset unilateral edema
- increased warmth
- redness (rubour) to affected limb
9
Q
How is DVT diagnosed through? (2)
A
- Physical Assessment
- confirm with venous duplex ultrasonography
10
Q
What is a superficial vein thrombosis?
A
- usually superficial leg veins close to the skin surface
11
Q
What are the symptoms of superficial vein thrombosis? (7)
A
- tenderness
- pain
- rubour
- warmth
- inflammation
- induration
All along the vein
12
Q
What do veins appear as in superficial vein thrombosis?
A
- appear as a palpable cord
13
Q
Does edema occur in superficial vein thrombosis? (2)
A
- rarely occurs
- if SVT left untreated, can turn into a blood clot
14
Q
How does DVT affect the vein? (5)
A
- deep vein of the legs are most commonly affected
- pain or pressure over involved vein
- edema
- deep rubour
- increased temp on affected side
15
Q
What are you at risk for if you have DVT? Why? (2)
A
- risk for pulmonary embolism
- clot breaks off and blocks blood flow in the lungs
EMERGENCY
