Week 2: Intro + General Survey Flashcards
Nurse treat diseases at different levels of care. What are these 4 levels?
- PRIMARY
- secondary
- tertiary
- quaternary
What is considered primary care? (2)
- Going to physician or nurse practitioner
- They know you, understand your health and illness trajectory
What is considered secondary care? (2)
- access to primary care, gynecology, dermatology
- they are more specific and you cannot access them right away
ie. referrals from family doctor for specific concerns
What is considered tertiary care? (3)
- going to the hospital, consulting physicians
- diagnostics, imaging, blood work
- a bunch of different services coming together in a coordinated effort to provide care
What is considered quaternary care? (2)
- randomized control trials
- privatized care
What is clinical judgment? (2)
- the observed outcome of critical thinking and decision making
- uses nursing knowledge to observe and assess presenting situations, prioritizing patient concerns, and used evidence-informed solutions to deliver safe patient care
What are the 5 things you should do when critical thinking?
- assessment
- nursing diagnosis
- planning
- implementation
- evaluation
no particular order cuz they go in a circle
What is assessment? (2)
- deliberate and systematic collection of data to determine a patient’s current and past health and functional status
- also to determine that patient’s present and past coping patterns
What do you do in assessment? (3)
- data collection/verification
- make sure data collected is accurate
- subjective vs. objective data
What is considered primary data? (3)
- comes directly from the patient
- objective data
- something we can observe from the patient
What is considered secondary data?
- from a source
- family talking about a patient
- charts, lab results, past medical history
What is considered tertiary data? (4)
- Data related to how we make sense of it
- terms on nurse’s or physician’s knowledge about it (past experiences or encounters)
- references from textbooks or manuals
- more info on condition and not specific to patient
Assessment techniques: What is the patient’s baseline? (3)
- Client health history (verbal)
- Review of Systems (verbal)
- Head to toe assessment (physical assessment and observations)
What is the goal in assessing client health history?
- determine patient concerns and help find solutions
- how does that lead to their present condition?
Why is INTERVIEWING for client health history important? (3)
- allows for formation of partnership with the patient
- interview the patient, not the disease (patient lives with diabetes, NOT a diabetic patient)
- use sample approach
What is review of systems (ROS)? (3)
- collect data on all body systems
- used as a guide so you can ask more detailed questions if needed
- keep track of what you find on the ROS because you will follow it up with the physical assessment
What units do we measure height and weight?
Weight - kilograms (1 kg.= 2.2 lb)
Height - Is there a relationship to weight? (cm)
Waist to hip ratio is now known as waist to height
Is BMI useful?
- no because it does not take into account muscle mass, which weighs more than fat
When do we conduct general surveys?
every time a nurse encounters a patient
see chart on page 16
What do we look for in general surveys? (4)
- physical appearance
- body structure
- behaviour
- mobility
