Week 10 - Respiratory and Renal Acid-Base Balance Flashcards
How does the respiratory system act to maintain acid-base balance?
- second defense of the body and interacts with the buffer system to maintain acid-base balance
What do the lungs do if the body is in a state of acidosis?
- lungs increase the body’s respirations to excrete CO2
What occurs in alkalosis that affects respiration? (4)
- pH increases
- RR and depth decrease
- CO2 is retained
- Carbonic acid increases to neutralize and decrease the strength and excess bicarbonate
How long does the process of correcting an acid-base deficit or excess take?
10-30 seconds
How do the lungs work to maintain balance?
- Holding H+ ions (in states of alkalosis) or by changing H+ to water molecules to be exhaled with CO2 (in state of acidosis)
What are the pros and cons of renal correction to acid-base balance?
- slower but provides a more reclusive corrective response
How long does kidney compensation take?
- few hours to several days
How does the kidney work to maintain acid-base balance? (2)
- restores bicarbonate by excreting H+ ions and retaining bicarbonate ions (reabsorbs)
- excess H+ are excreted in the urine in the form of phosphoric acid
Normal K+ exchange diagram
K+ exchange in acidosis
K+ exchange in alkalosis diagram
Categories of Acid-Base Imbalances Flow chart
What is the respiratory (2) and renal (2) response to too much carbonic acid (respiratory acidosis)?
What is the respiratory (2) and renal (1) response to too little carbonic acid (respiratory alkalosis)?
What is the respiratory (1) and renal (3) response to too much metabolic acid (Metabolic acidosis)?
What is the respiratory (1) and renal (3) response to too little metabolic acid (metabolic alkalosis)?
