Seminar 1: Pathophysiology

Question 1

What is pathology?

Answer 1

• the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of the organs, tissue, cells and bodily fluids

Question 2

What is Physiology?

Answer 2

The study of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of living organisms

Question 3

What is pathophysiology?

Answer 3

The study of abnormalities in the physiological functioning of living beings
- basically how abnormalities (disease /illness) impact a healthy body

Question 4

What are the 4 interrelated topics for the study of pathophysiology?

Answer 4

1. Etiology
2. Pathogenesis
3. Clinical Manifestations
4. Treatment Implications

Question 5

What is Etiology?

Answer 5

the study of the causes or reasons for a disease

Question 6

What are the 2 types of Etiology?

Answer 6

1. Idiopathic
2. Iatrogenic

Question 7

What does idiopathic mean?

Answer 7

When the cause of a disease is unknown
- cancer, diabetes

Question 8

What does Iatrogenic mean?

Answer 8

the cause of disease is a result of an unintended or unwanted medical treatment
- Cushing’s syndrome, cancer treatment

Question 9

What is a risk factor in regards to etiology? (2)

Answer 9

• a link between an etiological factor and the development of disease is increased due to the presence of another factor
• ie. Hypertension in the development of right sided heart failure

Question 10

What is pathogenesis?

Answer 10

The development or evolution of a disease from the initial stimulus to the ultimate expression of the manifestations of the disease

Question 11

what is clinical manifestations? (2)

Answer 11

Manifestations of the disease that are observed (subjective data and feeling)
- may change overtime resulting in the clinical presentation of different stages

Question 12

what are treatment implications?

Answer 12

Are guided by the etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical consequences of a particular disorder may suggest that certain treatments could be helpful

Question 13

What is epidemiology?

Answer 13

The study of patterns of disease in human populations

Question 14

what are some epidemiologic variables that influence the occurrence and transmission of disease?

Answer 14

• age
• ethnicity
• gender
• lifestyle
• SOCIOECONOMIC status
• geographic location

Question 15

Why is understanding the epidemiologic aspects of a disease essential?

Answer 15

• for effective prevention and treatment