Treatment of Obstructive Lung Disease Flashcards
Well-controlled asthma presents with the following criteria:
- Symptoms no more than twice per week
- Night symptoms no more than twice per month
- Rescue inhaler used less than twice weekly (except prior to exercise)
- Peak flow near normal
- Oral steroid no more than once per year
- Urgent care no more than once per year
The first step of asthma treatment is __________.
short-acting ß-agonist as needed
Omalizumab inhibits ___________.
IgE binding to the high-affinity IgE receptors on mast cells
Mepolizumab is ___________.
an inhibitor of IL-5, the cytokine responsible for eosinophil growth and differentiation
Allergic immunotherapy has been shown to be effective for _________ than asthma.
allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis
Systemic glucocorticoids are used only for __________.
management of severe asthma and asthma exacerbations
ß-agonists stimulate ________ in the lungs that leads to ________.
ß2 adrenergic receptors; bronchodilation and decreased mucus secretion
How do anticholinergic agents (like tiotropium) work?
They inhibit the parasympathetic input of acetylcholine, which would stimulate bronchoconstriction and mucus secretion.
Glucocorticoids inhibit the phospholipase that produces arachidonic acid. What are two beneficial corollaries of this?
It decreases inflammation and induces vasoconstriction (an effect that reduces pulmonary edema).
Leukotriene inhibitors (like montelukast) ___________.
induce bronchodilation and inhibit inflammation
Cromolyn/nedocromil are ___________.
inhaled mast-cell mediator inhibitors
Theophylline is a __________ inhibitor.
phosphodiesterase inhibitor
The desirable range for inhaled medications is __________.
1 - 5 microns
Asthma symptoms are typically worse at __________.
night and in the early mornings
All those with COPD have FEV/FVC
- Mild: >80%
- Moderate: 50% - 80%
- Severe: 30% - 50%
- Very severe:
