Pulmonary Physical Exam

Question 1

What is increased depth of breathing called?

Answer 1

Hyperpnea

Question 2

What is Cheyne-Stokes breathing?

Answer 2

Progressively deeper and sometimes faster breathing that leads to a brief apnea spell

Question 3

Chests that dip inward are called _________.

Answer 3

pectus excavatum

Question 4

Chests that jut outward are called _________.

Answer 4

pectus carinatum

Question 5

Tactile fremitus is revealed by _________.

Answer 5

vibrations felt when the patient says “ninety-nine”

Question 6

Increased tactile fremitus indicates ___________.

Answer 6

lung consolidation (water, pus, or blood in the lungs)

Question 7

Resonant sounds on percussion indicate ______.

Answer 7

pneumothorax, emphysema, or bullae

Question 8

Dull sounds on percussion indicate _________.

Answer 8

effusion, consolidation, or atelectasis

Question 9

Decreased tactile fremitus indicates _________.

Answer 9

pneumothorax, atelectasis, or pleural effusion

Question 10

A trachea that is “pushed away” indicates __________.

Answer 10

pleural effusion or pneumothorax

Question 11

A trachea that is “pulled toward” indicates __________.

Answer 11

atelectasis, resection, or fibrosis

Question 12

Normal breath sounds throughout the lungs are called “________.”

Answer 12

vesicular

Question 13

Bronchovesicular breath sounds are heard _________.

Answer 13

over the main bronchi

Question 14

Bronchial breath sounds are heard over the _________ and are more high pitched.

Answer 14

trachea

Question 15

If bronchial or bronchovesicular sounds are heard in other parts of the lung, then _______ is likely.

Answer 15

pneumonia or atelectesis

Question 16

Crackles (also called rales) are indicative of ____________.

Answer 16

pneumonia, pulmonary edema, or interstitial lung disease

Question 17

Wheezing indicates ________________.

Answer 17

air passing through a narrowed opening, such as occurs in asthma, COPD, bronchiolitis, or focal obstructions

Question 18

What are rhonchi and what do they indicate?

Answer 18

Rhonchi are rumbling sounds that occur when air passes through mucus

Question 19

Eegophony (when the patient says “ee” but it sounds like “ay” through the stethoscope) indicates _________.

Answer 19

consolidation pneumonias

Question 20

Stridor is ___________.

Answer 20

wheezing heard without the stethoscope–suggestive of an upper airway pathology

Question 21

Pleural rub sounds like ________ and indicates _________.

Answer 21

rubbing an inflated balloon; pleuritis

Question 22

What is atelectasis?

Answer 22

a complete or partial collapse of a lung or lobe of a lung; develops when the tiny air sacs (alveoli) within the lung become deflated

Question 23

What is bronchiectasis?

Answer 23

A condition in which the lungs are damaged and become more spacious and floppy