High Altitude and Diving

Question 1

People usually start hyperventilating when P(a[O2]) drops below _______.

Answer 1

55 Torr

Question 2

Those who are acclimatized to altitude start hyperventilating at a higher __________.

Answer 2

P(a[O2])

Question 3

Living at altitude increases ________.

Answer 3

mean pulmonary arterial pressure

Question 4

HACE is essentially acute mountain sickness with __________.

Answer 4

ataxia or mental-status changes

Question 5

Three drugs given to those with AMS are _________.

Answer 5

dexamethasone, ibuprofen, and acetazolamide

Question 6

Mountaineers who can’t descend can use ___________ to relieve acute mountain sickness.

Answer 6

hyperbaric bags

Question 7

HAPE often manifests on the _______ day at altitude.

Answer 7

first or second

Question 8

Because HAPE is a non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, _______ will not help.

Answer 8

lasix

Question 9

Studies have shown that those who are susceptible to HAPE have higher ___________ at the same workload/exercise range as those who are not HAPE susceptible.

Answer 9

pulmonary arterial systolic pressure

Question 10

The best medical treatments for HAPE are __________.

Answer 10

dexamethasone, nifedipine, sildenafil, and tadalafil

Question 11

In 2012, a study showed that ______ decreased the rate of HAPE.

Answer 11

inhaled salmeterol

Question 12

Pressure increases ________ for every 10 meters dived.

Answer 12

1 atmosphere

Question 13

What is Henry’s law?

Answer 13

More gases dissolve in fluid at higher pressures

Question 14

Why does nitrogen form bubbles and CO2 and O2 don’t?

Answer 14

Because nitrogen is present in high enough pressures

Question 15

Nitrogen narcosis typically occurs only at __________.

Answer 15

levels deeper than 30 meters

Question 16

Barotrauma is more common in _________.

Answer 16

asthmatics, those with blebs and bullae, and in free dives