Restrictive/Inflammatory Lung Disease Flashcards
Restrictive lung diseases are defined by ___________.
reduced lung volume (as indicated by symmetrically reduced TLC and FRV each less than 80% predicted)
Elastance is the _________ of compliance.
inverse
If lung tissue has a lower compliance, then at a given pressure _____________ than a lung with normal compliance.
its volume will be less
Obstructive diseases increase _______; restrictive diseases only affect ________.
resistive work during inhalation and exhalation; inhalation work
Restrictive lung diseases don’t add much _______ work.
dynamic
Those with restrictive lung diseases have ___________ in extreme disease states.
decreased DLCO due to the decreased surface area, except for when corrected by helium volume
On auscultation, interstitial lung disease often manifests with ____________.
end-inspiratory crackles
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis can be treated with __________.
pirfenidone and nintedanib
__________ was historically called BOOP.
Organizing pneumonia
What are the two main causes of restrictive lung disease?
(1) Increased elastic recoil
(2) Chest wall or pleural disease
What are three main causes of increased elastic recoil?
(1) Pulmonary edema; in the interstitial area it increases stiffness, and in the alveoli it decreases surfactant
(2) Surfactant depletion
(3) Any alveolar filling process (such as pus or blood infiltrate)
Two things distinguish restrictive lung disease from restrictive physiology: ___________.
those with restrictive lung disease have decreased PV curves and decreased DLCO
Of all the interstitial lung diseases, _____ has the worst prognosis.
UIP
Three physical exam findings to look for in ILD: ___________.
clubbing, joint issues (collagen disorders, scleroderma, or RA), and end-inspiratory crackles
What are some treatment options for ILD?
Oxygen Lung transplant Immunosuppressive medication Remove the causative agent Nintedanib and pirfenidone
