Pathology of Nephritic Syndrome Flashcards
_______ of the convoluted tubules are in the cortex.
2/3
Most of the renal arterioles do not ____________, so a vascular event such as a thrombus can affect a large wedge of tissue.
anastamose
Only about __________ percent of the glomerulus should be cells. The rest should be open space.
20% - 30%
__________ is small enough to fit through the glomerular basement membrane, but it doesn’t (normally) do so because it is negatively charged.
Albumin
Crescents are indicative of an __________ process.
inflammatory
The hallmark of __________ is red-cell casts.
glomerular disease
Where does Tamm-Horsfall protein occur?
In the thick ascending loop of Henle
Crescents are proliferations of ___________.
podocytes
A hallmark of glomerular nephritis is _________ in the glomerulus.
PMNs
Differentiate focal, diffuse, global, and segmental.
Focal: some glomeruli are affected
Segmental: only parts of glomeruli are affected
Global: the entire glomerulus is affected
Diffuse: a lot of glomeruli are affected
What is immunofluorescence used for?
To detect deposits of antibody and their distribution
Thin basement membrane disease is not really ____________.
a problem; it can mimic a nephritic disease process, especially under stress like prolonged exercise
What is the triad of Alport’s disease?
Deafness
Nephritis
Ocular lesions
What is the inheritance pattern of Alport’s disease?
X-linked
Alport’s is due to a defect in ___________.
type IV collagen
Endocapillary proliferation is characterized by ____________.
blockage of the capillary
Anything beyond ____ nuclei in the mesangial region is considered hypercellular.
3
IgA nephropathy can be either _______ or ________.
nephritic; nephrotic
IgA nephropathy is usually ___________.
asymptomatic hematuria
IgA nephropathy most often results from _________.
IgA deposits in the mesangium
The systemic version of IgA nephropathy is called __________.
Henoch-Schonlein purpura
Henoch-Schonlein purpura usually occurs in what age group?
Kids less than ten years old; often post-strep
Post-infectious glomerulonephritis usually requires only ________ therapy.
supportive
People with crescentic glomerulonephritis typically present with ____________.
rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
Immunofluorescence assay of those with lupus nephritis usually results with ___________.
the “full house”: all inflammatory markers will stain
Uremia and azotemia are spectrum disorders. Which is worse?
Uremia
Alport’s disease is characterized by “________” membrane.
basket-weave
IgA nephropathy usually presents along with __________.
URI, GI infection, or liver disease
IgA nephropathy usually presents as __________.
asymptomatic hematuria
Briefly, what is the pathophysiology of Henoch-Schonlein purpura?
systemic IgA vasculitis
Which kind of nephritic syndrome will display a “starry sky” pattern on immunofluorescence assay?
Henoch-Schonlein purpura
What percent of post-infectious glomerulonephritis resolves?
99% kids
60% adults
Crescentic glomerulonephritis usually presents as _____________.
rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
What does granular IF staining indicate?
Lupus
IgA nephropathy
Endocarditis
Idiopathic
What is the difference between Goodpasture’s and anti-GBM disease?
Goodpasture's = lungs and kidney Anti-GBM = kidney only
Anti-GBM disease usually presents as ___________.
rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
