Small Group: Acid/Base Cases Flashcards

1
Q

What is the formula for CO2 compensation in metabolic alkalosis?

A

pCO2 = (0.7 x HCO3) + 20 +/- 1.5

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2
Q

For every decrease in serum albumin of 1, adjust the anion gap up by ___________.

A

2.5

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3
Q

What is the calculation for urine anion gap?

A

(Na + K) - Cl

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4
Q

If a urinary anion gap is negative, then _________.

A

the kidneys are producing ammonium and the acid/base disorder is extra-renal origin

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5
Q

If a urinary anion gap is positive, then ____________.

A

the kidneys are not producing chloride and the acid/base disorder is renal in origin

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6
Q

What is the delta-delta equation?

A

It tells you if there is more than one metabolic pH imbalance.
(anion gap change) / (bicarb change)
If it is equal to one, then it is a simple metabolic acidosis. If it is greater than one,

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7
Q

Low potassium can lead to what cardiac abnormality?

A

Tachyarrhythmias

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8
Q

High potassium causes what cardiac abnormality?

A

Cardiac arrest

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9
Q

Metabolic alkalosis causes hypokalemia by ___________.

A

shifting into cells and increased excretion

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10
Q

Urine sodium can be high in those with metabolic alkalosis because ____________.

A

bicarb excretion pulls extra sodium

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