Small Group: Acid/Base Cases Flashcards
What is the formula for CO2 compensation in metabolic alkalosis?
pCO2 = (0.7 x HCO3) + 20 +/- 1.5
For every decrease in serum albumin of 1, adjust the anion gap up by ___________.
2.5
What is the calculation for urine anion gap?
(Na + K) - Cl
If a urinary anion gap is negative, then _________.
the kidneys are producing ammonium and the acid/base disorder is extra-renal origin
If a urinary anion gap is positive, then ____________.
the kidneys are not producing chloride and the acid/base disorder is renal in origin
What is the delta-delta equation?
It tells you if there is more than one metabolic pH imbalance.
(anion gap change) / (bicarb change)
If it is equal to one, then it is a simple metabolic acidosis. If it is greater than one,
Low potassium can lead to what cardiac abnormality?
Tachyarrhythmias
High potassium causes what cardiac abnormality?
Cardiac arrest
Metabolic alkalosis causes hypokalemia by ___________.
shifting into cells and increased excretion
Urine sodium can be high in those with metabolic alkalosis because ____________.
bicarb excretion pulls extra sodium