Exam 4 Review Flashcards
What vessels lead into the ducts of Bellini?
Collecting ducts
The fenestrated endothelium only filters __________.
RBCs
The molecular filter is composed of ___________.
the basal lamina and the podocyte slits
What mechanism mediates the response to severe acute hypovolemia?
The baroreceptors leading to afferent and efferent constriction
What percent of filtered sodium is under regulatory control?
2%
Which response is faster, ADH or aldosterone?
ADH
Where are casts formed?
Distal tubule and collecting duct
Lithium is associated with what kind of diabetes insipitus?
Nephrogenic
Most of of the potassium that is excreted is from ____________.
secretion into the tubule
If a person with pheochromocytoma is given lots of salt, then they should have high renal vein aldosterone _____-laterally.
uni
Renal cancer risk does not increase with _________.
dialysis
The ventral root carries the _______ nerves.
motor
The Furhman scale is only for _________.
clear cell carcinoma
The most common cause of abdominal mass in a newborn is ___________.
multicystic dysplastic kidney
How much should HCO3 change in respiratory acidosis?
Acute: 1:10
Chronic: 4:10
How much should HCO3 change in respiratory alkalosis?
Acute: 2:10
Chronic: 4:10
What is the formula for pCO2 compensation in metabolic acidosis?
Winter’s: (1.5 x HCO3) + 8 +/- 2
How much should pCO2 change in metabolic alkalosis?
0.7 x change in bicarb
List three types of ADH antagonists.
Demeclocycline
Tolvaptan
Conivaptan
If urine potassium is greater than 40 mEq/L, then the hypokalemia is ___________.
renal
Renal losses of sodium can be due to three categories of causes: ___________.
Anion-gap metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Low magnesium
What two conditions lead to hypokalemic, renal-origin, metabolic alkalosis with low urine chloride?
Diuretic overdose
Low volume leading to contraction alkalosis
What four things can cause transcellular hyperkalemia?
DKA
ß-blockers
Rhabdomyolysis
Ischemia
