TEst 89 Flashcards
Hysterectomy>
unintentional ureteral ligation>
distension of renal pelvis and kidney>
flank pain that radiates to the groin and a palpable mass (the kidney) on deep abdominal palpation
watch out for hysterectomys
asymptomatic course of proggressivley worsening uremia
APCKD
painless hematuria, flank pain, palbable mass
Renal cell carcinoma
NOT likely to occur folowing a pelvic procedure
displacement
from person to object
sublimation
unacceptable drives redirected toward acceptable target
reaction formation
unacceptable feelings ignored and redirected twaords opposite
contralateral superior quandrantopia
Pie in the sky
Temporal
Meyers lobe
nontypable H influenza strains
strains of h inlufenza that DO NOT form an antiphagocytic capcsukle
…Part of the NORMAL flora of URT that can cause otitis media, sinusitis and bronchitis
Hib vaccine only gives you immunity to capsular strains
MC causes of frequent acute otits medai
h influenza
s. pneumonia
BRAF
Protein kinase involved in activation of signaling pathways for MELANOCYTE proliferation
BRAF V600E mut seen in 40-60% of pts w/ melanoma
MCC of esophagitis
GERD
mechanism responsible for GERD
GE jxn incompetence
repeated exposure of esophageal mucosa to acidic gastric contents> chemical injurya nd inflammatory reaction
basal zone hyperplasia
elongation of LP and inflammatory cells (eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes)
GERD
FF
GFR/RPF
RPF= RBF x (1-Hematocrit)
zolpidem
SHORT acting hypnotic med UNRELATED to benzos
same action as benszos but lower risk of tolerance and dependence
TEmazEPAM
estraZOLAM
BENZOS hypnotics w/ med duration
HIGHER risk of addiction/tolerance
Triazolam
SHORT acting hypnotic belonging to BENZO class
MORE physical dep b/c of short t/12
Flurazepam
long acting benzo used for tx of insomnia
Neutrophil chemotaxis
Leuk B4
5HETE
C5a
kallikrein
anemia in woman of childbearing age
IDA secondary to menstrual blood loss
Estrogens affects on HMGCoA reductase
increases biosynthesis of cholesterol by increaseing HMG-CoA reductase activity
Medication that suppresses cholesteral 7a hydroxylase activity and reduces convesrion of cholesterol to bile acids> excess cholesterol secretion in bile
Fibrates
reduced conversion of choleslterol into bile acids> increased concentration of cholesterol in the bile
B6 def caused by isoniazid
isoniazid is structurally similar to B6>
increases hte urinary excretion of B6 and competes for bit B6 binding sites>
defective syntehsis of NT like GABA
Metalloproteinases
Zn containing enzymes that DEGRADE extracellular matrix
participate in normal tissue remodeling and in tumor INVASION through the BM and CT
Detachment of tumor cells
down regulation of E cadherins
Detached tumors cells ahve increased ability to adhere to BM
increased expression of laminin and other adhesion molecules
Invasion of BM by tumors
metalloproteinases and cathepsin D protesase
Acute RF cause of death
heart failure d/t myocarditis
MTX
antimetabolite that is structurally similar to FOLIC ACID
INHIBITS DHFR> decreased THF
marked one sided kidney atrophy
renal artery stensosis
atherosclerotic changes in elderly
fibromuscular dysplasia in woman of childbearing years
used to tx focal dystonias, achalasias and spasms
c. botulinum
gram + spore forming anaerobic rod
poly most liikely to progress to adenocarcinoma
villous
mitochondrial vacuolization
signn of irreversible injury
mitochondria are permanently unable to genrate ATP
disaggregation of grnaular and fibrilar elements of the nuculeus
glycogen loss
myofibril relaxation
disaggregation of polysomes
reversible injury
paraoxysmal berathlessnessa nd wheezing in a young patient
extrinsic allergic ashma
sputum of asthmatic
eosinophils and charcot leden crystals (crystalloid mass)
activated by IL5 secreted by TH2
Cardio SE of carcinoid syndrome
Right sided endocardial fibrosis> pulmonic stenosis/restrictive cardiomyoipathy
severoity relates to levels of 5HAA
omalizumab
inhibits IgE binding to mast cells
